Unloading, term

An important aspect of the mechanical properties of fibers concerns their response to time dependent deformations. Fibers are frequently subjected to conditions of loading and unloading at various frequencies and strains, and it is important to know their response to these dynamic conditions. In this connection the fatigue properties of textile fibers are of particular importance, and have been studied extensively in cycHc tension (23). The results have been interpreted in terms of molecular processes. The mechanical and other properties of fibers have been reviewed extensively (20,24—27). 

If an initially unloaded elastie body is subjeeted to surfaee or body forees, it will be deformed. If the forees are removed, the deformation will disappear, and the body will be returned to the same state it was in before the forees were applied. Certain materials are observed to behave elastieally for limited deformations, but, if those deformations are exeeeded, then the internal strueture of the material may be altered and inelastie deformation may oeeur. The stresses in the body may be different than those that the material would have experieneed if it had responded elastieally, i.e., the stresses may be affeeted by the change in material strueture. When the forees are removed, some residual deformation may remain. These qualitative observations suggest a set of constitutive assumptions whieh will be stated in mathematieal terms below. 

In terms of muscle function, muscle is very adaptable. Depending on the type of stimulation, muscle can either twitch or contract tetanically for a variable length of time. If the ends are held fixed, then it contracts isometrically and the force produced is maximal. If one or both ends of the muscle are not held fixed then the muscle is able to shorten. The muscle can shorten at a fixed load (isotonic contraction) where the velocity of shortening is also constant. Power output (force X velocity) is maximum where the velocity of shortening is about one third of the maximal rate. Finally, the muscle can shorten at maximum velocity (unloaded shortening). However, the molecular basis of the interaction of myosin with actin to produce force, or shortening, is the same in each case. 

Initial activity is important to ensure fast unloading and loading cycles. The second requirement for repeated use of alanate batteries is long-term stability. Whereas titanium colloids show superior performance in terms of decomposition kinetics, titanium nitride-based materials are superior in long-term stability. The latter can be seen comparing both catalytic materials in several runs (Fig. 19.8). 

Equation 32 gives the total strain energy stored in a domain of a fibre with an orientation angle 0 in the unloaded state after the stress has been increased from 0 to o. The first term on the right-hand side is the strain energy of the chain extension, and the second term is the shear strain energy. The continu-... 

Lee, H., Pinto, J.M., Grossmann, I.E., and Park, S. (1996) Mixed-integer linear programming model for refinery short-term scheduling of crude oil unloading with inventory management Industrial el Engineering Chemistry Research, 35, 1630. 

In the plant, we use the term unloading to indicate various ways of reducing the volumetric efficiency of a reciprocating compressor. There are two sorts of unloaders ... 

Thrasher TN. Baroreceptors, baroreceptor unloading, and the long-term control of blood pressure. Am J PhysiolRegulIntegr Comp Physiol. 2005 288 R819-R827. 

Strictly speaking, I should not speak of two different conceptual schemes here. First, the sets of concepts we have here zebra and zebra zebralope are far too small to be called schemes. Second, if we suppose that we have here two comprehensive zoological taxonomies which differ only at this point, they just do not differ enough to count as separate schemes. They should be called perhaps two variants of the same scheme. I use the word scheme for the sake of convenience. In fact, nothing in the ensuing discussion presupposes that what we contrast here are conceptual schemes. The term may be replaced here by completely unloaded expressions like set of concepts or conceptual resources . 

Models of the isothermal mechanism can be constructed using a balance equation (1) for the area of active surface per unit volume of a solid sample, with a term added which describes the propagation of this surface into the nonfractured matrix. The term requires that a certain effective transfer coefficient (analogous to the diffusion coefficient) should be introduced. To a first approximation, it can be written as D = vl = v2r, where v is the velocity of sound in the sample, / is the length of the free run of a crack for the time r, and t is the time of mechanical unloading (or the characteristic relaxation time of stresses in the real solid matrix of a reactant sample). It seems impossible to... 

Unloading of SPI equipment from RC is performed either on specially equipped onshore near-berth pad or on special floating facilities followed by making up of RC unit to be next towed and placed for long-term storage. 

Pankratov, D.V., et al. (2003) Problems of long-term and safe storage of unloaded and non-unloaded... 

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