Underscoring convention

Note that marked atoms are completely independent of whether there is a hydrogen atom attached to that particular carbon atom (indicated with the same underscored convention that has been a standard abbreviation in this nomenclature system). 

Fig. 3 Simplification of Fig. 2 using the underscore convention illustrates the equivalence of the topological and geometric pictures of B4H10... 

Fig. 7 Using the underscore convention, the topological picture of B5H9 in Figure 6 is seen to be just the planar projection of the geometrical picture...

Fig. 11 Using the underscore convention, the topological and geometrical pictures of B5H11 in Figure 10 are compared...

In summary, the chemistry of the donor/acceptor-substituted carbenoids represents a new avenue of research for metal-catalyzed decomposition of diazo compounds. The resulting carbenoids are more chemoselective than the conventional carbenoids, which allows reactions to be achieved that were previously inaccessible. The discovery of pan-tolactone as an effective chiral auxiliary, and rhodium prolinates as exceptional chiral catalysts for this class of rhodium-carbenoid intermediate, broadens the synthetic utility of this chemistry. The successful development of the asymmetric intermolecular C-H activation process underscores the potential of this class of carbenoids for organic synthesis. 

The above brief overview of the current developmental status of dendritic catalysts reveals the enormous potential of structural and functional possibilities, and also underscores the need for further fundamental studies and new approaches to surpass routinely used conventional catalyst systems (see also Section 8.2). 

In conformity with the convention that terminal hydrogen atoms are significant and that the longest chain in this molecule is four atoms long, the simpler name B1B is eschewed. In a manner similar to the methyl group not being represented by a triple underscore, rather being nomenclated as 1 1H, no terminal double underscored boron atoms will be encountered in the proposed nomenclature. Note, however, that there is not a similar limitation for cyclic boron compounds. 

This procedure led to a predictive 4 component PLS model for 72 VolSurf descriptors and 51 thrombin inhibitors. A crossvalidated r2(cv) value of 0.599 after leave-one-out crossvalidation and a conventional r2 value of 0.812 were obtained. Statistical validation using leave-two-out and leave-multiple-groups-out crossvalidation procedures underscores the significance of the final model. The graph of experimental versus calculated log(ESA) permeability values is shown in Figure 8 on the left. The overall model quality corresponds to the model reported by Sugano etal. (2000). 

Such developments have been assisted by other relevant regional initiatives, including the adoption in June 2004 by the General Assembly of the OAS of a resolution on the establishment of the Americas as a Biological- and Chemical-Weapons-Free Region, which underscores the importance of universal participation by all member states in, inter alia, the Chemical Weapons Convention. A total of 29 of the 35 members of the OAS are currently States Parties to the Convention. 

Conventional cytogenetics, FISH, and RT-PCR have been reliably used for the laboratory detection of the t(9 22). RT-PCR detection is possible in up to 95% of cases, and may detect up to 10% of cases missed by conventional cytogenetics, and is an important modality for minimal residual disease detection. Recently, quantitative real-time PCR-based approaches have improved the ability to detect and quantify BCR-ABL transcripts in CML patients (Figure 39-15 Color Plate 4]). The recent availability the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate for CML is an important development in the treatment of CML and further underscores the importance of methods for sensitive and specific identification and quantification of the BCR-ABL fusions in patients with a clinical suspicion of a CML. 

It is generally acknowledged that DSC is the pre-eminent thermal analysis technique and that it has progressively become the established technique for the study of the thermal behavior of polymeric materials. Conventional DSC correlates thermal power with heat capacity and the integral thereof to energy and entropy. Thus, DSC has been applied to determine heat capacities of a wide range of materials. Conventional DSC is able to determine heat capacity to an uncertainty of 1-2% tmDSC is able to measure this parameter to an uncertainty of less than 1% with reproducible reliability. It is the temperature modulation feature of tmDSC which has confirmed this technique as the most versatile and most reliable of the thermal analysis techniques. Its versatility is further qualified by its ability to characterize the thermal behavior of materials without the need to have a detailed knowledge of the fundamental theoretical principles which underscore the basis of the technique. 

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