Ultrasound, scanning

A 67-year-old man took amiodarone 200 mg/day for 20 months, after which it was withdrawn 8 months later his serum TSH was suppressed and the free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine were both raised there were no thyroid antibodies and an ultrasound scan showed a diffuse goiter with a nodule in the right lobe and reduced iodine uptake (45). Histological examination of the nodule showed a papillary cancer. 

Takagi T Yamamuro A, Tamita K, et al, Pioglitazone reduces neointimal tissue proliferation after coronary stent implantation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus an intravascular ultrasound scanning study. Am Heart J 2003 I46 E5. 

Raman KG, Missig-Carroll N, Richardson X etal, Color-flow duplex ultrasound scan versus computed tomographic scan in the surveillance of endovascular aneurysm repair, J Vase Surg 2003 38(4) 645-651. 

Behre HM, Kuhlage J, Gassner C, Sonntag B, Schem C, Schneider HPG, Nieschlag E (2000) Prediction of ovulation by urinary hormone measurements with the home use ClearPlan Fertility Monitor Comparison with transvaginal ultrasound scans and serum hormone measurements. Hum Reprod, 15 2478-2482. 

Biliary sludging has been documented in children receiving ceftriaxone. The formation of biliary sludge has been reported to lead to biliary obstruction, cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis and psendolithiasis. Most cases are asymptomatic, transient, reversible, and nsnally only necessitate conservative management. However, greater care is required in patients with pre-existing liver disease, and it is advised that abdominal ultrasound scans are performed when ceftriaxone is initiated [2]. It would seem sensible to consider alternative antibiotic therapy in these types of patient. 

Varices Ultrasound scan -Doppler Dilated bile ducts... 

Varices / Ultrasound scan -Doppler Splenomegaly, nodular liver... 

A 49-year-old woman receiving hormone replacement therapy was found to have a thyroid nodule. No lymphadenopathy was detectable and she appetued clinically to be euthyroid. A technetium scan revealed a cold nodule and an ultrasound scan indicated it was cystic. 

Commonly used frequencies for ultrasound scanning range from 20kHz to 25 MHz. and the ultrasonic wavelength X is given by... 

The retrograde or push technique is the most widely used technique for both the adult and paediatric populations. One should start by performing an upper abdominal ultrasound scan to assess and mark the position of the liver and transverse colon. The colon can be opacified using contrast medium to better delineate its position and thereby decreasing the risk of inadvertently puncturing it during the procedure. 

Mathis G, Metzler J (1992) Sonography in salmonella enterocolitis. Ultraschall Med 13 106-109 Picardi M, Seller C, Camera A, Catalano L, Rotoli B (1999) Early detection by ultrasound scan of severe post-chemotherapy gut complications in patients with acute leukemia. Haematologica 84 222-225... 

Fig. 14.3a,b. a Longitudinal scan of the site of bowel obstruction shows spaghetti appearance (arrows) of the curled-up worms, b Transverse scan of the same region shows the shack of cigars" appearance of cross section of multiple worms (Courtesy of R.Subramanian, Sreenivas Ultrasound Scan Centre, Salem,India). 

Fig. 23.1. Two ultrasound probes viewed from a frontal and lateral perspective. To the left of both panels an ordinary 2D phased array is shown and to the right in both panels a matrix probe, which enables real-time 3D ultrasound scanning, is depicted...

Fig. 23.7. A 3D gastric antrum generated by the EchoPac3D program and reconstructed in a new coordinate system. In this geometry, 3D strain can be calculated and visualized following ultrasound scanning...

Parent FN, Meier GH, Godziachvili V et al (2002) The incidence and natural history of type 1 and II endoleak a 5-year follow-up assessment with color duplex ultrasound scan. J Vase Surg 35 474-81... 

Wolf YG, Johnson BL, Hill BB, et al (2000) Duplex ultrasound scanning versus computed tomographic angiography for post-operative evaluation of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Vase Surg 32 1142-8... 

Bendick PJ, Bove PG, Long GW, et al (2003) Efficacy of ultrasound scan contrast agents in the noninvasive followup of aortic stent grafts. J Vase Surg 37381-385... 

FIGURE 25.1 Range of ultrasound scanners. As can be seen the ultrasound scan-nets come in a range of jdiysical sizes. Courtesy ofGE Medical Systems.)... 

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