Ultrasonic applications

The working electrodes, 15 mm diameter discs of poly-crystalline platinum fixed in an araldite body were mechanically polished down to 0.05 nm, dipped in diluted HN03, followed by rinsing with an ultrasonic application. 

Ultrasonics Application of ultrasonic energy to cell suspensions... 

In vivo experiments were performed using para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) as a marker inside the polymers. Data of rats PAH concentration in the urine after implantation showed that the PAH concentration in the urine was pronounced during the exposure and mainly in the timespan just after the exposure. The delay was presumably the diffusion time from the implantation site to the bloodstream and then the removal by the kidneys. When control animals were treated by the same procedure, i.e., placing the ultrasonic applicator head over the treated area with the power level of the ultrasound set to zero, no effect of the ultrasound could be detected... 

Ultrasonics applications using ceramically enhanced transducers solvents... 

Megasolv NOC/ Petroferm Propoxy propanol, methoxy and methyl ethyloxy propanol, and N-methyl pyrrolidone Room temperature cleaning of electronic assemblies, surface-mount adhesive cleaning (misprints and stencils). Used in pressure spray, immersion, and ultrasonic applications. N/A 180-202 Low N/A 82 <1 (20°C)... 

Since only exploratory studies have been reported so far on sonic drying, the following discussion of the drying mechanism focuses on the ultrasonic applications, which have been of research interest for years. Definitely, some of these mechanisms may also contribute to sound and infrasound drying. In these cases, postulation of a particular mechanism requires, however, further studies. 

Power ultrasonics Applications of high-inlensily ultrasound Edited by J. A. Gallego-Juarez and K. F. Grcffi ... 

Several new giant magnetostrictive materials have been developed in recent years for actuation applications. Bulk rare-earth-iron alloys Terfenol-D present typical static magnetostrains of 1000... 2000 ppm, which permit the building of low-frequency actuators and transducers. New composite materials offer an interesting possibility for high frequency ultrasonic applications. More recently, rare-earth-iron thin films have been also explored for actuation in microsystems. 

Benatar A. Ultrasonic welding of plastics and polymeric composites. In Gallego-Juarez JA, Graff KF, editors. Power ultrasonics applications of high intensity ultrasound. Waltham, MA Elsevier 2015. 

Pavlov KA, Dmitrevskii BA (2003) Influence of crystallization conditions in production of citric acid on the properties of forming calcium sulfate. Russ J Appl Chem 76 1408-1413 Furukawa M, Tokunda S (2004) Extraction of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using citrate-enhancing extraction by pH control and ultrasonic application. J Environ Sci Health A... 

P. Th. A. Klaase, Low-inquency and ultrasonic applications on piezoelectric PVDF films, Ferroelectrics 60 215 (1984). 

Besides interest in low-frequency shock wave hydrophones, there have also been investigations of shock wave hydrophones for ultrasonic applications. Focused fields of ultrasonic pulses occurring in lithotripsy can be measured using ferroelectric polymer sensors. A Study in a water-filled tank has led to the development of a 2S-p,m PVDF hydrophone. The sensitivity of this sensor is 20 mV/MPa with a bandwidth of 20 MHz. More than 100,000 focused shock wave pulses of 20 MPa have been recorded successfully without a significant decrease in acoustic sensitivity [14],... 

M. Platte, A polyvinylideiK fluoride oeedle hydrophone for ultrasonic applications. Utrm-tomics. May 1985, pp. 113-118. 

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