ULEVs ultra low emission

ULEV Ultra Low Emission Vehicle—the most-stringent California vehicle emission standard for combustion vehicles. 

The second range covers exhaust temperature measurements from -40 to 760 °C for diesel engines and even up to 1200 °C for gasoline engines. These market is currently driven by legislative emission requirements worldwide like ULEV (ultra-low emission vehicles), OBD (on-board diagnosis), and EUR04. Improved emission systems need temperature measurements in the exhaust system before and after the catalyst. 

LEV = Low emission vehicle ULEV=ultra low emission vehicle SULEV=Super ultra low emission vehicle... 

For simplicity, only California ULEV is shown in the table LEV and SULEV also were available (California LEV Low Emission Vehicle, ULEV Ultra Low Emission Vehicle, SULEV Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle)... 

Dodge, L.G., et al., Development of a Dedicated Ethanol Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV)—Phase 3 Report, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Co., September 1996. 

From Table 2 it is seen that ultra-low-emission vehicles (ULEV) will have to meet 0.04 g nonmethane hydrocarbons per mile traveled compared to 0.25 g per mile in 1993. In contrast, the CO and NOx emissions will only halve between 1993 and ULEV standards. While this does not mean that the CO and NOx standards are easily achievable, it highlights the greater importance attnbuted to the control of HC by the regulatory bodies in the United States. Similarly, the European standards for hydrocarbons are promulgated to reduce progressively at each stage of the legislation. In addition, for the first time the... 

The CNG vehicles were a technical success and included the first vehicles certified to the strict California low emissions vehicle (LEV) and ultra low emissions vehicle (ULEV) standards. They were also certified to the inherently low emissions vehicle (ILEV) category, and the full-sized van was certified to the California super ultra low emissions vehicle (SULEV) standard. 

Non methane hydrocarbons. Californian regulations have generally been stricter than in the rest of the US and limits have been introduced on transitional low emission vehicles (TLEV-1994) low emission vehicles (LEV-1997) ultra-low emission vehicles (ULEV-1997) and zero emission vehi-... 

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