Ulam, Stanislaw

Ulam. Stanislaw. 1966. Thermonuclear devices. In R. E. Marshak, ed.. Perspectives in Modern Physics. Interscience. 

Ubachs Wim, 150, 155 Ugalde Jesus M., 217 Uhlenbeck George E., 3, 10 Ulam Stanislaw Marcin, 260, 340,... 

The historical context of uncertainty estimation in exposure assessment can be traced to the convergence of developments in multiple disciplines. For example, Stanislaw Ulam and John von Neumann are typically credited with creation of the Monte Carlo method for simulation of random events in 1946 (see Metropolis Ulam, 1949 Eckhardt, 1987). However, a paper by Lord Kelvin in 1901 appears to apply concepts similar to Monte Carlo to a discussion of the Boltzmann equation, and there are other precedents (Kelvin, 1901). The modem incarnation of Monte Carlo was first used for prediction of neutron release during nuclear fission and has since been applied in a wide variety of disciplines. 

Mauldin, R. D., Probability and nonlinear systems, Los Alamos Science (Special issue Stanislaw Ulam 1909-1984) 15, 52 (1987). 

Adventures of a Mathematician by Stanislaw Ulam, copyright 1977 by S. M. Ulam. Reprinted by permission of Charles Scribner s Sons. 

Von Neumann experienced no personal violence in Hungary, only upheaval and whatever anxiety his parents communicated. He nevertheless felt himself scarred. His discussion with Stanislaw Ulam went on more ominously from identifying Carpathian villages as the ultimate places of origin of Hungary s talented expatriates. It will be left to historians of science, Ulam writes, to discover and explain the conditions which catalyzed the emergence of so many brilliant individuals from that area--... 

The mathematician Stanislaw Ulam had just returned from visiting Poland, bringing with him on a student visa his sixteen-year-old brother, Adam ... 

Culture School teacher Herbert Smith, the confessor of his youth they are heavy on us today, when the future, which has so many elements of high promise, is yet only a stone s throw from despair. To Haakon Chevalier, his friend at Berkeley in Depression days, Oppenheimer repeated that the circumstances are heavy with misgiving, and far, far more difficult than they should be, had we power to remake the world to be as we think it. Lawrence could muster only limited patience for Oppenheimer s remorse. He thought the atomic bomb a terrible swift sword that would end the war and might succeed in ending all wars. He also seems to have claimed it as his own. In one newspaper interview out of many published the day after Hiroshima, notes Stanislaw Ulam mischievously, E. O. Lawrence modestly admitted, according to the interviewer, that he more than anyone else was responsible for the atomic bomb. ... 

Edward Teller returned to Los Alamos in April 1946 to chair a secret conference. Its purpose, according to a subsequent report, was to review work that has been done on the Super for completeness and accuracy and to make suggestions concerning further work that would be needed in this field if actual construction and test of the Super were plaimed. John von Neumann, Stanislaw Ulam and Norris Bradbury attended the conference, as did Emil Konopinski, John Manley, Philip Morrison, Canadian theoretician J. Carson Mark and a crowd of other participants. One whose presence would vitally affect U.S. nuclear weapons policy later was Klaus Fuchs. 

Polish mathematician Stanislaw Ulam calculated hydrodynamics at Los Alamos in 1951 he conceived the essential breakthrough arrangement for a workable H-bomb. 

All this began from an idea of a mathematician from Lwow, in Poland (now Lviv in the Ukraine) named Stanislaw Mardn Ulam. 

Another powerful tool is the cellular automata method invented by John (or Janos) von Neumann and Stanislaw Marcin Ulam (under the name of cellular spaces ). The cellular automata are mathematical models in which space and time both have a granular structure (similar to Monte Carlo simulations on lattices, in MD only time has such a structure). A cellular automaton consists of a periodic lattice of cells (nodes in space). In order to describe the system locally, we assume that every cell has its state representing a vector of N components. Each component is a Boolean variable i.e., a variable having a logical value (e.g., 0 for false and 1 for true ). 

The MC method has an interesting history. In the late 1930s a group of Polish mathematicians associated with the King John Casimir University in Lviv and which included Stanislaw Ulam spent much time... 

Classical Monte Carlo methods have been used to study a wide variety of different systems since they were first proposed. They were first developed hy Stanislaw Ulam Nicholas Metropolis, and John von Neumann at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the late 1940s [15, 16] and are defined by algorithms with the characteristic of using random... 

R. Pasta and Stanislaw Marcin Ulam during their stay in Los Alamos (E. Fermi, J.R. Pasta,... 

In 1953, Enrico Fermi, John Pasta, and Stanislaw Ulam (with the participation ot Mary Tsingou, who assisted in computations) conducted the very tirsi molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (i.e., dynamic computer experiment) for a long chain ot particles linked by harmonic springs, but with a weak nonlinear correction. Using the old MANIAC (Mathematical Numerical Integrator and Computer) machine, they solved numerically the following equations of motion ... 

TELLER-ULAM CONCEPT. On 13 January 1950, President Harry S. Traman atmounced that he was directing the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) to develop a thermonuclear weapon. At the time, U.S. nuclear weapon designers had failed to develop a successful concept for such a device. In late 1950 and early 1951, physicists Stanislaw Ulam and Edward Teller advanced a concept for such a... 

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