UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine

Enhanced availability of exogenous glucosamine is beneficial for the synthesis of hyaluronan because endogenous glucosamine is insufficient to achieve the high concentration of UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine necessary to... 

Lucka, L. Krause, M. Danker, K. Reutter, W. Horstkorte, R. Primary structure and expression analysis of human UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, the bifimctional enzyme in neuraminic acid biosynthesis. FEBS Lett., 454, 341-344 (1999)... 

The N-acetyl derivative of DON (N-acetyl-6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleu-cine) has been found to cause a drastic reduction of the UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine concentration in rat liver (Bates et al., 1966). This effect results from an irreversible inactivation of the amidotransferase which may be demonstrated in vitro on incubation of the crude or partially purified enzyme with the inhibitor (Bates and Handschumacher, 1969). The inactivation could be prevented by the addition of glutamine or UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, and the presence of both compounds afforded better protection than either alone. Evidence was obtained for the binding of... 

HA was initially produced by extraction from the animal material. Because of the growing demand of HA, however, scientists started looking for new methods for its production, methods that were preferably microbiological. A study of the bacterial synthesis of hyalu-ronan on the free cells level started when UDP-glucose, UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine and UDPP-glucuronic acid were obtained from streptococcus extracts. 

Stasche R, Hinderlich S, Weise C et al. (1997) A bifunctional enzyme catalyzes the first two steps in N-acetylneuraminic acid biosynthesis of rat liver. Molecular cloning and functional expression of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmanno-samine kinase. J Biol Chem 272, 24319-24324. 

We propose that the first step in NDP-kasugamine biosynthesis is 2-epimeriza-tion of the postulated UDP-A -acetyl-D-glucosamine precursor, which is suggested by the similarity of the KasQ protein with known UDP-(Af-acetyl-)D-glucosamine 2-epimerases and catalyzes the conversion to UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine. To... 

Miller, W.L., Wenzel, C.Q., Daniels, C., Larocque, S., Brisson, J.-R., Lam, J.S. Biochemical characterization of WbpA, a UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-dehydrogenase involved in O-antigen biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOl. J Biol Chem 279 (2004) 37551-37558. 

The most likely steps where benzoylureas may be active are the last two steps the assembly of Uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-glucosamine from UTP and N-acetylglucosamine-l-phosphate and the polymerization of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine under the mediation of chitin synthetase. Since studies [Gijswijt, et al., 1979] have indicated that benzoylurea intoxication is accompanied by the buildup of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, the latter... 

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