U S Department of Energy

Acknowledgments. Folkmar Bornemann greatfully acknowledges the hospitality of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, where he spent the academic year 96/97. His work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-FG02-92ER25127. 

Produced from Co l. Estimates of the cost of producing methanol from coal have been made by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (12,17) and they are more uncertain than those using natural gas. Experience in coal-to-methanol faciUties of the type and size that would offer the most competitive product is limited. The projected costs of coal-derived methanol are considerably higher than those of methanol produced from natural gas. The cost of the production faciUty accounts for most of the increase (11). Coal-derived methanol is not expected to compete with gasoline unless oil prices exceed 0.31/L ( 50/bbl). Successful development of lower cost entrained gasification technologies could reduce the cost so as to make coal-derived methanol competitive at oil prices as low as 0.25/L ( 40/bbl) (17) (see Coal conversion processes). 

Office of Pohcy, Planning, and Analysis, Assessment of Costs and Benefits ofElexible and Alternative Euel Use in the U.S. Transportation Sector, Technical Report 3 (Methanol Production and Transportation Costs) Pub. DOE/P/E—0093, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., Nov. 

U.S. Department of Energy, The Potential of EenewableEnergy, An Interlab oratory White Paper, SERI/TP-260-3674, DE90000322, Office of PoHcy, Planning and Analysis, Washington, D.C., Mar. 1990. 

Estimates ofE.S. Wood Energy Consumption 1980—1983, DOE/EIA-O341(83), U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration,... 

Pu/p and Paper Indust s Energy Ese-Cakndar Year 1986 New York, Apr. 20,1987 J. C. NiceUo, US. Pulp and Paper Industry s Energy Use-Calendar Year 1987 New York, May 17, SinnualEnerg) Eeview 1987 DOE/EIA-0384(87). U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration,... 

K. A. Saterson and M. W. Luppold, 3rd Annual Biomass Energy Systems Conference Proceedings, SERI/TP-33-285, U.S. Department of Energy, Golden, Colo., June 5-7, 1979, pp. 245-254. 

In 1988, the U.S. Department of Energy completed a study iadicatiag that more than 1.42 x 10 of gas was recoverable at a wellhead price... 

GeothermalEnergy—Heatfrom the Earth, Power for the Future, U.S. Department of Energy Brochure, Meridian Corp., Alexandria, Va., 1992. 

Methods in Development. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the American Gas Association (AGA) have sponsored the development of more efficient gasification processes, but as of this writing the plentihil supply of iaexpensive natural gas has precluded commercialization. 

The identification of pollution prevention options has become a maintenance requirement. In addition to these requirements, the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) performed its first investigation of indoor air quahty. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has also begun to research air quahty. 

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the NEA/IAEA employ similar terms to classify uranium resources, as (7) reasonably assured, estimated additional (EA), or speculative. The NEA/IAEA divides the estimated additional resources into two types, EAR-I and EAR-II, describing known resources and undiscovered ones, respectively (8). 

Nuclear Fuel Reserves" under "Nuclear Reactors" in ECT3rd ed., VoL 16, pp. 143—150, byj. A. Patterson, U.S. Department of Energy. 

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