Tuyere = nozzle

As shown in Figure 6.38, a conical cooled hearth attached below the tuyere nozzles incorporates the slag bath. It consists of intensively cooled copper parts partly covered by SiC plates. The formation of a sohd slag layer facilitates a selfprotection of the device, permitting lifetimes of more than 3 years [206,209]. 

Steam of 32 bar and 400 °C is mixed with preheated oxygen of 30 bar and 130 °C. The mixture flows into a ring line connecting to all tuyere nozzles. The gasifying agent enters the reactor at 250 °C avoiding condensation. 

The tuyere nozzles are declined 19° toward the horizontal and project the refractory surface by 300-400 mm. The extended straight fines fi-om the nozzle tip are intended to meet in the center at the surface of the slag bath. Surface temperatures of 550 °C occur at the tip of the nozzle. 

The tuyere nozzles may have a second feed pipe for injection of pulverized coal, dusty tar/oil, coal-water-slurry, or gas liquor [2,206,210]. 

Membrane piunps pressimze the dusty-tar-oil mix for injection via the tuyere nozzles. 

It was demonstrated in the 8 -ESG luiit (see Table 6.27) that with a central coal distributor, dusty tar injection up to 9wt% of the overall feeding could be recycled to the top of gasifier. The remaining liquids were injected through two tuyere nozzles. The mass flow recycled into the tuyere nozzles is limited by fine soot formation appearing as floating fraction in the wash cooler [206],... 

Hot stand-by <16 hours, nitrogen purging of tuyere nozzles, ring burner with stoichiometric flame... 

Cold stand-by nitrogen piu-ging of tuyere nozzles and ring burner (slow cooling at pressure)... 

Emergency shutdown instant nitrogen purging of tuyere nozzles and ring birnier, depressimzation. 

Because of the high oxygen partial pressures, steel burning of the jacket wall behind the refractory close to the tuyere nozzles occurred leading to Ni-Cr alloy plating of the jacket wall and N2 purging of the nozzles fittings. More frequent incidents are [206,210] ... 

Duse, /. nozzle, twyer (or tuyere), blast pipe jet tip, head (of a burner) die (for wiredrawing or the like). 

Wind-druck, m. (Metal.) blast pressure wind pressure, -dtise, /. blast nozzle, twyer, tuyere. 

The simultaneous splitting and distribution of solids-gas mixtures for applications requiring multipoint injection, where the mixtures are transported usually under positive-pressure conditions. Some common examples include tuyere injection for blast furnaces, large burner nozzles for pulverized coal-fired boilers, small coal-fired plasma torches providing startup and support energy for boilers, injection of pulverized fuel into calciners, etc. 

To prevent the fusion of the nozzles of tho pipes conveying the blast, the tuyeres are made of a hollow... 

Referring, in the first place, to the seotional view of tbs furnace—Fig. 41—a representa the arrangement of the tuyeres, with iheir nozzles showing the water spaces and the plug valves for allowing the... 

The Stuckofen or old high bloomery appeared in Germany in ca 1300 AD. This type of furnace was 3—5 m high and enclosed a tapered vertical shaft that was 1—1.2 m in diameter. Small openings near the bottom were provided for nozzles (tuyeres, pronounced tweers) that permitted air, supplied by bellows, to be blown into the furnace. Modem blast furnaces have essentially the same fundamental design. 

After it leaves the stoves, the hot blast enters a large refractory-lined busde pipe to distribute the gas evenly around the furnace. Multiple connecting pipes (tuyere stock) direct the hot blast to the blowpipes. At the ends of the blowpipes are the tuyeres, water-cooled copper nozzles set into the refractory lining of the blast furnace. 

A tuyere is a nozzle through whicli an air-blast is delivered to a furnace, forge, or < on verier. 

Other variants of the standard Venturi geometry include the Dali mbe, Venturi nozzle, and Tuyere (or simply flow nozzle). The Venturi nozzle lacks the converging inlet but retains the flared outlet. A Tuyere (or simply flow nozzle) is an extreme variant of a Venturi in that it is essentially only the throat section— the converging and diverging sections are absent. It resembles an orifice because... 

---