Turfgrass

Depending on the coating weight, nitrogen apphcation rate, and environmental conditions, SCUs can have residual characteristics which provide agronomic response from 6 to 16 weeks ki turfgrass apphcations. 

Nelson, E.B., Burpee, L.L. and Lawton, M.B. (1994). Biological control of turfgrass diseases , in Leslie A.R., Handbook of Integrated Pest Management for Turf and Ornamentals, CRC Press/Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 409 -27. 

Streu, H.T. and C. Cruz. 1972. Control of the hairy chinch bug in turfgrass in the northeast with Dursban insecticide. Down to Earth 28 1-4. 

Stone, W.B. 1980. Bird deaths caused by pesticides used on turfgrass. N.Y. State Turf grass Conf. Proc. 4 58-62. Stone, W.B. and P.B. Gradoni. 1985. Wildlife mortality related to use of the pesticide diazinon. Northeast. Environ. Sci. 4 30-38. 

Simard L, Belair G, Gosselin ME, Dionne J. Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) against Tipula paludosa (Diptera Tipulidae), a turfgrass pest on golf courses. Biocont Sci Tech. 2006 16 789-801. 

Chou CH, Patrick ZA (1976) Identification and phytotoxic activity of compounds produced during decomposition of com and rye residues in soil. J Chem Ecol 2 369-387 Christians NE (1993) The use of com gluten meal as a natural preemergence weed control in turf. Int Turfgrass Society Res J 7 284—290... 

And as we shall see, the demands of turfgrasses are an immediate and profound influence on homeowners, which set people about tasks that keep them busy throughout the growing season. Given the labor performed by people for other domesticated crop species, as Denis Wood has asked regarding cereal grains-especially maize, which cannot reproduce on its own without its human servants- who s to say which species has domesticated which ... 

Our relationship with grasses is therefore prehistorically deep and turfgrass cover has been with human civilization for a very long time, in some form or another. The term turf is derived from the Sanskrit word darbha, meaning tuft... 

Reprinted from Robbins, P. and T. Birkenholtz. (2003). Turfgrass revolution measuring the expansion of the American lawn. Land Use Policy 20 181-194, with permission from Elsevier... 

In the following century, however, grass would only take off as a major land cover as part of a larger political and economic transition. When the turfgrass aesthetic was exported from the Gontinent to England in the 1700s, the meadow was left behind and the manicured lawn became more universal. This transition... 

FIGURE 2.1 Front yards most people in the world do not have turfgrass front yards. Fronts of homes in Columbus Ohio (A) and Rajasthan India (B). 

TABLE 2.1 Most Common North American Turfgrass Species and their Origins ... 

Plants, as a rule, tend to grow upwards towards the light, transforming available moisture and solar energy into complex sugars that build tissue. While the range of plant adaptations to meet this bottom-line need is vast, those of turfgrasses are specific and notable. 

Countless generations of grazing by wild and domesticated animals resulted in the survival and reproduction of the specialized qualities of grasses, especially turfgrasses. The evolutionary advantages of grasses, most clearly developed in... 

More commonly, owing to continual grazing or mowing of the seedstalk before it reaches the inflorescence stage, turfgrasses grow asexually through... 

The Lawns Needs Beeome Those of the Turfgrass Subjeet... 

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