Tuna oil

Titanates react with ester groups ki paint vehicles, eg, linseed oil, tuna oil, and alkyds, and with hydroxy groups, eg, ki caster oil and some alkyds, to prevent wrinkling of paint films (104,447). 

Seabird species Cod liver oil Tuna oil, tuna Krill extract Buried fish Dimethyl Reference... 

Fish oils that contain high amounts of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eiocosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20 5, n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22 6, n-3) have been suggested to decrease the risk of development of cardiovascular disease. Freshwater fish oil carp oil are not rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but tuna oil is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA Table (1) . 

Table 1. Hie fatty acid components of carp oil and tuna oil.

First, I examine the antitumor activity of the oral administration of two fish oils (carp oil and tuna oil) in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Carp oil and tuna oil (0.2 and 0.4 ml/mouse) had no effects on tumor growth Table (2) . 

Table 2. Effects of carp oQ aad tuna oil on the weights of body a>d tumor in sarcoma 180-bearing mice.

Fig. 13. Effects of the combination of 5-FU plus carp oil (a) and 5-FU plus tuna oil (b) on tumor growth in sarcoma 80- bearing mice.

Fig. 14. 5 -FU levels in the plasma of mice after oral co-administration of 5-FU plus carp oil or 5-FUplus tuna oil...

HJ5-FU plus carp oil or [6-3HJ5-FU plus tuna oil. 

Kimura, Y. Takaku, T. Nakajima, S. Okuda, H. Effects of carp and tuna oils on... 

Klinkesom, U., Sophanodora, P., Chinachoti, P., McClements, D.J., Decker, E.A. (2005). Increasing the oxidative stability of liquid and dried tuna oil-in-water emulsions with electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition technology. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 4561 1566. 

FFAs from tuna oil were esterified with 1 to 10 mol MeOH using immobilized C. antarctica lipase. The reaction velocity decreased with increasing the amount of MeOH. However, the degrees of esterification at 24 h (nearly equilibrium state) were 88 and 95% when using 1 and 2 mol of MeOH for FFAs, respectively. Although more than 2 mol of MeOH were used, the degree did not increase owing to the equilibrium of esterification and its reverse reaction (hydrolysis of FAMEs) (Watanabe et al, 2002). 

Enzymatic process is one of the effective techniques for purification of DHAEE from fish oil, such as tuna oil. The first step for purifying DHAEE is conversion of tuna oil to FA ethyl esters (FAEEs) (Fig. 2.6). Of course, a chemical reaction with an alkaline catalyst can convert tuna oil to the mixture of FAEEs containing DFIAEE, but an enzymatic process under mild conditions is preferable because heating under alkaline conditions often results in the isomerization of DFIA. Therefore, stepwise alcoholysis, which was established in production of BDF from vegetable oil, was applied to ethanolysis of tuna oil. 

When tuna oil underwent ethanolysis with more than 2/3 mol EtOFI for FAs in tuna oil using immobilized C. antarctica lipase, the lipase inactivated because a part of EtOFI existed as micelles in the oil. To avoid such inactivation, first-step ethanolysis was conducted in a mixture of tuna oil and 1/3 mol EtOH using 4wt% immobilized lipase. After complete consumption of EtOH, the second and third 1/3 mol of EtOH were added to the reaction mixture. The three-step ethanolysis achieved the conversion of more than 95% of tuna oil to its corresponding FAEEs, and maintained the high degree of conversion for 54 cycles (108 days) (Watanabe et al., 1999). 

Figure 2.6. Purification process of DHAEE from tuna oil. Reaction for conversion of tuna oil to FAEEs is surrounded with shaded box.

Shimada, Y., Maruyama, K., Sugihara, A., Moriyama, S., and Tominaga, Y. 1997a. Purification of docosahexaenoic acid from tuna oil by a two-step enzymatic method hydrolysis and selective esterification. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74,1441-1446. 

Alkio, M., Gonzales, C., Jantii, M., and Aaltonen, O. 2000. Purification of polyunsaturated fatty acid esters from tuna oil with supercritical fluid chromatography. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 77 315-21. 

The stracture of the multilayered emulsions may be preserved during spraydrying, enabling the delivery of emulsions with multilayered interfaces in a powder format. Spray-dried tuna oil powders made from emulsions containing oil droplets with lecithin-chitosan membranes, with added com symp showed good oil retention and water dispersibility (Klinkesom et al. 2006). 

Khan et al. examined the effects of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid supplements (two of which contained OEP) on the microvascular blood flow and endothelial function in 173 healthy men and women aged 40 to 65 years in an 8-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. For the single OEP supplementation, the group received a total daily OEP of 5 g (which contained 400 mg/day of y-linolenic acid). For the tuna oil/OEP supplementation, the group received a total daily tuna oil of 5 g (which contained 6% of eicosapentaenoic acid and 27% of docosahexaenoic acid per day) and OEP of 5 g. Results showed that there although there were significant improvements... 

Hawkes, J.S., Bryan, D.L., Makrides, M., Neumann, M.A., and Gibson, R.A. 2002. Arandomized trial of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid-rich tuna oil and its effects on the human milk cytokines interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 75, 754-760. 

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