Tumor necrosis factor acute pancreatitis

G4. Grewal, H. P., Kotb, M., Mohey ElDin, A., Ohman, M., Salem, A., Gaber, L., and Gaber, O., Induction of tumor necrosis factor in severe acute pancreatitis and its subsequent reduction after hepatic passage. Surgery 115,213—221 (1994). 

H8. Hughes, C. B., Gaber, L. W., and Kolb, M., Induction of acute pancreatitis in germ-free rats Evidence of a primary role for tumor necrosis factor alpha. Surgery 117, 201-205 (1995). 

N7. Norman, J. G., Fink, G. W., and Franz, M. G., Acute pancreatitis induces intrapancreatic tumor necrosis factor gene expression. Arch. Surg. 130, 966—971 (1995). 

FIGURE 39-2. Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis initiating and secondary events. PAF, platelet-activating factor TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor-a IL-1/J, interleukin-1 / IL-6, interleukin-6 IL-8, interleukin-8. 

Laboratory testresults vary depending on the severity of the inflammatory process, whether damage is confined to the pancreas or involves contiguous organs, and the time course from the onset of the acute attack (see Table 39-3). Serum concentrations of prointlammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 are markers of disease severity, but elevations are not specific for pancreatitis and the tests are not widely available. ... 

Denham W, Fink G, Yang J, Ulrich P, Tracey K, Norman J. Small molecule inhibition of tumor necrosis factor gene processing during acute pancreatitis prevents cytokine cascade progression and attenuates pancreatitis severity. Am Surg 1997 63(12) 1045-9 discussion 9-50. 

Traditional use for rheumatic conditions could be related to observed anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity has further been demonstrated by the protective effect of the extract against cholecystoki-nin-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. A concomitant reduction in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) was also observed. ... 

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