Tumor cells target

Carlson CB, Mowery P, Owen RM, Dykhuizen EC, KiessUng IX. Selective tumor cell targeting using low-affinity, multivalent interactions. ACS Chem Biol 2007 2 119-127. Christensen T, Gooden DM, Kung JE, Toone EJ. Additivity and the physical basis of multivalency effects a thermodynamic investigation of the calcium EDTA interaction. J Am Chem Soc 2003 125 7357-7366. 

Scheme 1. Tumor cell targeting via highly expressed sialic acid residues (adapted from Lemieux etal. [71])...

Lee, R. J., and Low, P. S. Folate-mediated tumor cell targeting of liposome-entrapped doxorubicin in vitro. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1233 134-44, 1995. 

Gabizon, A., Shmeeda, H., Horowitz, A.T., and Zalipsky, S. (2004),Tumor cell targeting of liposome-entrapped drugs with phosphohpid-anchored folic acid-PEG conjugates, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 56,1177-1192. 

In addition to hemoproteins, the other major metabolically active pool of intracellular iron is the nonheme iron-sulfur proteins (see Iron-Sulfur Proteins), which function primarily as elecfron carriers, most especially in the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. In vitro treatment with NO has been shown to result in conversion of the iron in these clusters into dinitrosyhron thiol complexes ((RS-)2Fe(NO)2). As described in more detail below, these complexes exhibit a characteristic EPR signal, which has been observed in both NO-producing activated macrophages and their tumor cell targets, suggesting that such complexes may also be formed in vivo. 

Tubulin polymerization inhibitor 1172 Tumor angiogenesis 1278 Tumor associated antigen (TAA) 183 Tumor-associated glycoprotein 72, 1276 Tumor cell, targeting markers on 1276 Tumor growth index 523 Tumor hypoxia, assessment of 1263 Tumor necrosis factor (TN F) 7, 80, 264,... 

Antigen and tumor cell targets Antigen function Naked antibodies Radioisotope-based antibodies Toxin-based antibodies... 

A primary intracellular target for the biological actions of nitric oxide ( NO) production is intracellular iron (Hibbs et al., 1990 Henry et al., 1993). In activated macrophages and their tumor cell targets, a characteristic pattern of metabolic dysfunction is observed as a result of -NO synthesis, which includes loss of nonheme iron-containing enzyme function, including aconitate hydratase, complexes I and II of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain (Hibbs et al., 1990) as well as the nonheme iron-containing enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (Lepoivre et al., 1991). 

Henning P, Andersson K M, Frykholm K, et al. (2005). Tumor cell targeted gene delivery by adenovirus 5 vectors carrying knobless fibers with antibody-binding domains. Gene Ther. 12 211-224. 

Q. Wei, E. Bohl KuUberg, L. Gedda. Trastuzumab-conjugated boron-containing liposomes for tumor-cell targeting development and ceUular studies. Int. J. Oncol, 2003, 23, 1159-1165. 

Kullberg, E. B., Nestor, M., and Gedda, L. 2003. Tumor-cell targeted epidermal growth factor liposomes loaded with boronated acridine Uptake and processing. Pharm. Res. 20(2) 229-236. 

Zako T., H. Nagata, N. Terada, A. Utsumi, M. Sakono, M. Yohda, H. Ueda, K. Soga and M. Maeda, Cyclic RGD peptide-labeled upconversion nanophosphors for tumor cell-targeted imaging, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 381, 54-58 (2009). 

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