Tubulointerstitial disease chronic interstitial nephritis

In humans and dogs, the renal tubules and intersti-tium are related in such a way that significant injury to one results in a reaction in the other for this reason, the terms "tubulointerstitial disease" and "chronic interstitial nephritis" are often applied to lesions found in the kidneys of these species (Khan et al., 2013). The latter term acknowledges the fact that, in advanced... 

Balkan nephropathy is non-destructive and noninflammatory tubulointerstitial renal disease [69]. The changes are non-specific and in the chronic, sclerotic phase they may be quite similar to changes observed in other chronic interstitial diseases such as analgesic nephropathy [70], vascular nephrosclerosis [69] cyclosporine-induced nephropathy [71], radiation nephritis [72,73] and aging [72], intoxication with silicate, cadmium, lead, uranium [74], mycotoxin ochratoxin... 

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