Tryptamines alkaloids

The primary effects of the entheogenic psilocybin mushrooms on human physiology are due to several tryptamine alkaloids synthesized and accumulated by these fungi. The categorical name tryptamine alkaloids (or tryptamines ) designates molecules whose molecular structure contains 3-(2-aminoethyl)indole as a central feature (fig. 1). 

RETENTION TIMES OF TRYPTAMINE ALKALOIDS IN phalaris SPECIES... 

While each shaman has his own secret formula for the mixture (with probably no two exactly alike), it has been established that true ayahuasca always contains both beta-carboline and tryptamine alkaloids, the former (harmine and harmaline) usually obtained from the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, and the latter (N, N-dimethyl-tryptamine, or DMT) from the leaves of the Psy-chotria viridis bush. (There may be variations among plant species, but the alkaloids are always consistent.)... 

Unwanted admixture alkaloids (such as seem to be encountered in A run do donax, for example) must also be taken into consideration Addendum After this book went to press a Swiss drug laboratory completed a full chemical analysis of the variety of Phalarais arundinacea 1 have been working with. The primary alkaloid here is 5-MeO-DMT a close molecular analogue of DMT itself, P. arundinacea is notorious for extremely wide variations in the tryptamine alkaloids it contains — some varieties have... 

A variety of j5-carboline and tetrahydro-j3-carboline compounds have come to light recently which contain either a fourth ring, or four rings and a second nitrogen, or in some cases five rings and a second nitrogen these are clearly not related to the main body of monoterpene-tryptamine alkaloids. 

Secodine Group. In the biogenetic interrelationship of the three major mono-terpene-tryptamine alkaloid types, i.e. strychnos, aspidosperma, and iboga, the necessary changes in the aliphatic skeleton can be schematically represented... 

Rearrangements of Iboga and Aspidosperma Types. It is possible to envisage the biological rearrangements of the monoterpene-tryptamine alkaloid skeleta as proceeding via a common intermediate (132), reversibly derivable, at least on paper (see below) from each of the skeletal types, providing that a structure at the correct oxidation level is chosen. Thus tabersonine (133) (aspidosperma). 

A grass found in East Africa. At certain seasons this plant contains bufotenine and related tryptamine alkaloids with hallucinogenic effects. Sheep eat the grass motor disturbances bufotenine acting on spinal pathways. Bufotenine blocks uptake of norepinephrine. Ventricular fibrillation can occur if animals become excited. 

As part of a search for naturally occurring substances acting on neurochemical transmission, a new trimeric tryptamine alkaloid, idiospermuline (177), was isolated from the seeds of Idiospermum australiense, occurring in North Queensland, Australia 113). The structure elucidation was based on spectral data and an X-ray crystallographic analysis of its trimethiodide derivative, which also provided the absolute configuration. 

Form/morphology Whole mushroom, tryptamine alkaloid, natural product... 

Mescaline A tryptamine alkaloid obtained from the peyote cactus. 

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