Nucleotides triphosphopyridine

Methylthiomethyl Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Sodium triphosphopyridine nucleotide Napthyl (CioHg)... 

N2. Neufeld, E. F., Kaplan, N. O., and Colowick, S. F., Effect of adenine nucleotides on reactions involving triphosphopyridine nucleotide. Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 17, 525-535 (1955). 

Curnutte, J. T. (1985). Activation of human neutrophil nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced (triphosphopyridine nucleotide, reduced) oxidase by arachidonic acid in a cell-free system. J. Clin. Invest. 75, 1740-3. 

Although the first purification of bNOS was a monomer, it is now clear that the enzyme in all cases is effective as a dimer. A purified macrophage iNOS was used by Baek and coworkers98 to separate the holoenzyme from the monomers. The subunits do not have NOS activity but do have the ability to oxidize reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide with either ferricyanide, cytochrome c or dichlorophenolindophenol. When all of the missing factors are present, but not when any is missing, the authors find recombination, as shown in Figure 13. 

Mueller, G.C. and Miller, J.A. The reductive cleavage of l+-dimethylaminoazobenzene by rat liver the intracellular distribution of the enzyme system and its requirement for triphosphopyridine nucleotide. J. Biol. Chem. (191+9) 180, 1125-1136. 

Williams, C. H. and Kamin, H. Microsomal triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome "c" reductase of liver. J. Biol. Chem. (1962) 237 587-595. 

Pyridoxine vitamin Bf) deficiency symptoms are generally expressed as alterations in the skin, blood, and central nervous system. Symptoms include sensory neuritis, mental depression, and convulsions. Hypochromic, sideroblastic anemia also may result. Since pyridoxine is required for the conversion of tryptophan to diphos-phopyridine and triphosphopyridine nucleotides, pellagralike symptoms can occur with vitamin Bg deficiency. This deficiency is found most often in conjunction with other B complex deficiencies. 

Two vitamins, nicotinamide and pyridoxine (vitamin B6), are pyridine derivatives. Nicotinamide participates in two coenzymes, coenzyme I (65 R = H) which is known variously as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN), and coenzyme II (65 R = P03H2) also called triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). These are involved in many oxidation-reduction processes, the quaternized pyridine system acting as a hydrogen acceptor and hydrogen donor. Deficiency of nicotinamide causes pellagra, a disease associated with an inadequately supplemented maize diet. Nicotinic acid (niacin) and its amide are... 

Pure NADP+ was isolated from red blood cells in 1934 by Otto Warburg and W. Christian, who had been studying the oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate by erythrocytes.13 They demonstrated a requirement for a dialyzable coenzyme which they characterized and named triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN+, but now officially NADP+ Fig. 15-1). Thus, even before its recognition as an important vitamin in human nutrition, nicotinamide was identified as a component of NADP+. 

The anomeric specificities of a number of glycolytic enzymes have been determined by using the reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN)-coupled rate of oxidation with glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase, or by the enzyme glucose oxidase, which is also specific for the /3-anomer (106). 

Langan, T. Changes in the fluorescence spectrum of reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide on binding to isocitric dehydrogenase. Acta Chem. Scand., 14 936-938, 1970. 

Isolation of "Triphosphopyridine Nucleotide Reductase from a photosynthetic bacterium... 

Analogous results have been obtained in the electrolysis of the pyridine nucleotides134-141 the dimer has, however, been suggested to be a 4,4 -dimer.139 The coenzyme activity of the reduction product varies with the experimental conditions. Some reductions yielded totally inactive products, whereas others produced partly or fully active material. The highest activity was obtained by an indirect electrolytic reduction of triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN).141 Electrochemical reduction of methyl viologen in the presence of ferridoxin-TPN-reductase caused a reduction of TPN to a biochemically active product. 

The reduction of 5-dehydroshikimate to shikimate by partially purified 6-dehydroshikimate reductase has also been studied. A cofactor requirement for reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPNH) was observed, and the equilibrium constant, at neutral pH, for the reaction... 

Triphosphopyridine nucleotide, 257, 259 Trithiocarbonates. See Carbonic acid, trithio-. 

Although a cell-free system capable of degrading the phenylureas has not yet been reported, an enzyme system from rat liver microsomes has been isolated which requires reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide... 

Masters, B. S., Bilimoria, M. H., Kamin, H., and Gibson, Q. H., 1991, The mechanism of 1- and 2-electron transfers catalyzed by reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase. Nature 351 714n718. 

Horecker BL. Triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase in liver. J. Biol Chem. 1950 183 593-605. 

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