Triphenyltin chloride, toxicity

Snoeij, N.J., A.A.J. Van Iersel, A.H. Penninks, and W. Seinen. 1985. Toxicity of triorganotin compounds comparative in vivo studies with a series of trialkyltin compounds and triphenyltin chloride in male rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 81 2 4-286. 

Most of the organotin salts are moderately toxic, and some are labeled Poison (triphenyltin chloride). They have a low oral LD50 and require the signal word Warning on the label. 

EXPLOSION and FIRE CONCERNS combustible contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions toxic gases and vapors, such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, may be released in a fire triphenyltin chloride will emit toxic fumes of Cl- when heated to decomposition use water, dry chemical, alcohol foam, and carbon dioxide for firefighting purposes. 

Among these, carboxylic acid esters have gained importance in the field of wood preservation, because they are of lower volatility and water-solubility, but higher thermal stability than TBTO. From comparison data it can be concluded that the tributyltin (TBT) moiety of the TBT esters determines their antimicrobial effectiveness and also their oral toxicity. This is in line with the fact that the TBT esters tend to dissociated into the hydrated TBT cation and the respective anion. Due to the lower TBT content compared with TBTO greater quantities of TBT carboxylic acid ester therefore have to be used to achieve sufficient antimicrobial effectiveness. Hydrohalide acid esters of practical importance as microbicides have been tributyltin fluoride (19.6.6.) and triphenyltin chloride (19.6.7.). 

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