Trinitrobenzene, properties

The effect of sulphuric acid and oleum on the explosive properties of nitromethane, dinitrotoluene, trinitrobenzene and trinitrotoluene was studied. They are considerably sensitised. 

TATB or 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (C6H6N6Oe) is a yellow-brown crystalline solid that has excellent thermal stability and is known as a heat-resistant explosive. TATB has a decomposition point of 325°C. Its molecular arrangement provides lubricating and elastic properties. 

Agrawal and co-workers prepared some energetic explosives containing nitrate ester, nitramine and aromatic C-nitro functionality within the same molecule and studied their thermal and explosive properties l-(2-nitroxyethylnitramino)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene... 

Some nitro derivatives of benzofurazan have been investigated for their explosive properties. 4-Amino-5,7-dinitrobenzofurazan (56) has been prepared by a number of routes including (1) the thermally induced cyclodehydration of l,3-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (55), (2) the nitration of 4-amino-7-nitrobenzofurazan and (3) the reduction of 4-amino-5,7-dinitrobenzofuroxan with triphenylphoshine. The isomeric 5-amino-4,7-dinitrobenzofurazan (57) has been prepared along similar routes. ... 

Navy. 1983. Synthesis and properties of trisubstituted trinitrobenzenes TATB analogs. Silver Spring, MD Naval Surface Weapons Center. Document no. AD A131619. 

A number of explosives for various applications have been synthesized, characterized for structural aspects, thermal and explosive properties by us in India and are being evaluated [193-198] for their intended end-use. The evaluation of BTATNB [Structure (2.27)] indicates that it is slightly more thermally stable than PATO [Structure (2.24)] coupled with better insensitivity toward impact and friction [71]. The data on thermal and explosive properties of some aromatic nitrate esters suggest that l,3,5-tris(2-nitroxyethyl nitramino)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene [Structure (2.54)] is a potential substitute of PETN [193]. An explosive called 2,4,6-tris (3,5 -diamino-2, 4, 6 -trinitrophenylamino)-l,3,5-triazene [designated as PL-1 Structure (2.55)] is a new thermally stable and insensitive explosive which on comparison with TATB suggests that it is slightly inferior to TATB [Structure... 

Of the hydrocarbons toluene is the only one which nitrates sufficiently easily and yields a product which has the proper physical and explosive properties. Trinitrotoluene is the most widely used of the pure aromatic nitro compounds. It melts at such temperature that it can be loaded by pouring. It is easily and surely detonated, and is insensitive to shock, though not insensitive enough to penetrate armor-plate without exploding until afterwards. It is powerful and brisant, but less so than trinitrobenzene which would offer certain advantages if it could be procured in sufficient quantity. 

N.L. Coleburn B.E. Driinmer, The Explosive Properties of the Amino-Substituted, Symmetrical Trinitrobenzenes , NOLTR 63-81 (1963)... 

M,Blais et aC Preparation of Thermally Stable Explosives 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Derivatives , PATR 2524 (1958) [Table 2 presents the expl properties of selected 2,4,6-TNB derivatives... 

The ability to form addition compounds, especially with aromatic hydrocarbons composed of condensed rings, is one of the specific properties of aromatic poly-nitro compounds. For example, compounds of trinitrobenzene or picric acid with naphthalene, as well as with other hydrocarbons with condensed rings, are very characteristic. Generally they are intensely coloured. 

Brzozowski [59] gave additional data on the explosive properties of tetranitrobenzene. He determined the detonation rate of tetranitrobenzene, at a density of 0.7 g/cm to be 5375 m/sec. At the same density, the detonation rate of trinitrobenzene is 3990 m/sec, and that of dinitrobenzene is 1795 m/sec. 

It was a long-standing puzzle in the 1930s that intense color was seen in crystals and solutions of weak stoichiometric (1 1) complexes (benzene (1) with iodine (I2), or naphthalene (2) with trinitrobenzene (TNB, 7)) and other similar systems. This intense color formed when the components are mixed in solution, and cocrystallized as stoichiometric solid-state complexes. These solutions and crystals showed, almost unchanged, the full optical absorption spectrum of the neutral components, plus an extra broad, intense absorption band with little or no vibrational structure one seemed to get something (color) for nothing (no change in other properties). 

Some new data have been published (Ij on the physical properties of sym-trinitrobenzene such as vapour pressure between 122 C (m.p.) and 270 C. 

Like most EDA complexes, those of sym-trinitrobenzene, for example, with iV.A-dimethylaniline show a semiconducting property [114]. 

---