2,2,4-Trimethylpentane. See

Figure 7 Rate constants for electron attachment to solutes in 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 295 K. For solutes numbered 1-14, see legend to Fig. 6. Other solutes 15—Ceo, 16—SFe, 17—C Fs, 18— W(CO)6, 19—Cr(CO)g, 20—perylene, 21—Mo(CO)6, 22—t-stilbene, 23—benzperylene, 24—cor-onene, 25—pyrazine, 26—pyrimidine, 27—styrene, 28—a-methylstyrene. Dotted line is calculated diffusion rate. References for rate data [19,58,108,109,122-124] references for electron affinities [112-115].

Diels-Alder reactions may be accelerated and the selectivities enhanced if the cycloaddition reactions are conducted in water or under high pressure or in the presence of a Lewis acid (see Section 3.1.3). In water at room temperature, cyclopentadi-ene reacts with methyl vinyl ketone 700 times faster than in 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and the endo exo selectivity rises from about 4 1 to more than 20 1. This can be ascribed to hydrophobic effects, which promote aggregation of non-polar species. Diels-Alder reactions in water are normally carried out with (at least partially) water-soluble dienes such as sodium salts of dienoic acids. Thus, a key step in a formal synthesis of vitamin D3 involved the cycloaddition of the sodium salt 46 with methacrolein in water, to give the adducts 47 and 48 in high yield and a ratio of 4.7 1 after 16 h (3.43). In contrast, the corresponding methyl ester of the diene in excess neat methacrolein at 55 °C gave only a 10% yield of a 1 1 mixture of isomers after 63... 

Electrons have not been detected by oprical absorption in alkanes in which the mobility is greater than 10 cm /Vs. For example, Gihis et al. [82] report seeing no infrared absorption in pulse-irradiated liquid methane at 93 K. This is not surprising since the electron mobility in methane is 500 cm /Vs [81] and trapping does not occur. Geminately recombining electrons have, however, been detected by IR absorption in 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in a subpicosecond laser pulse experiment [83]. The drift mobility in this alkane is 6.5 cm /Vs, and the quasi-free mobility, as measured by the Hall mobility, is 22 cm /Vs (see Sec. 6). Thus the electron is trapped two-thirds of the time. 

Isobutyric acid, monoester with 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol. See... 

As we shall see later (Section 12.2), octane is a very poor fuel and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane is a very good fuel even though they both release the same amount of energy upon combustion. Why is that Glearly the quality of a fuel must be related to more than its energy content. 

Isobutyric acid, monoester with 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol isobutyrate Isobutyric acid nitrile. See Isobutyronitrile Isobutyric acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl isobutyrate... 

See SELF for the totality of data Gmehling, J. Vapor-liquid equihbria at six temperatures from. 65 MPa for the system toluene + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1-10... 

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