Triglycerides fatty acid changes

Auwerx, J., Schoonjans, K., Fruchart, J. C., and Staels, B. (1996). Transcriptional control of triglyceride metabolism Fibrates and fatty acids change the expression of the LPL and apo C-111 genes by activating the nuclear receptor PPAR. Atherosclerosis 124(Suppl.), S29-S37. 

Implanted polymeric materials can also adsorb and absorb from the body various chemicals that could also effect the properties of the polymer. Lipids (triglycerides, fatty acids, cholesterol, etc.) could act as plasticizers for some polymers and change their physical properties. Lipid absorption has been suggested to increase the degradation of silicone rubbers in heart valves (13). but this does not appear to be a factor in nonvascular Implants. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) shows very little tensile strength loss after 17 months of implantation (16). Adsorbed proteins, or other materials, can modify the interactions of the body with the polymer this effect has been observed with various plasma proteins and with heparin in connection with blood compatibility. 

Experiments with isolated adipose tissue which is incubated with labelled triglycerides point to the conclusion that the process of assimilation of triglycerides proceeds in two phases. An initial rapid uptake, insensitive to poisons of lipoprotein lipase, is followed by a slower, sensitive phase. It is this second phase in which hydrolysis and resynthesis takes place, as indicated by changes in the triglyceride fatty acids (Rodbell 1960) in the glycerol to fatty acid ratios of radioactivity (Rose and Shapiro 1960) and by shift of the labelled triglycerides from one compartment to another (Markscheid and Shafrir 1964). If lipoprotein lipase participates in the uptake, it is presumably at a site not accessible to the poisons in the medium. 

Eish oil has been shown to slow the formation of arterial deposits which cause heart attacks and strokes. Most fish are low in total fat, low in saturated fat, and low in cholesterol. Eish oils, which are rich in unsaturated fats called omega-3 fatty acids, change the chemistry of the blood they increase the high density lipoproteins (HDL) and decrease the low density lipoproteins (LDL), they lower the level of triglycerides, they make platelets (the cells involved in clotting) less sticky, and they make the red blood cells less rigid. 

Increased synthesis of lipid or uptake. Increased synthesis of lipid may be the cause of fatty liver after hydrazine administration as this compound increases the activity of the enzyme involved in the synthesis of diglycerides. Hydrazine also depletes ATP and, however, inhibits protein synthesis. Large doses of ethanol will cause fatty liver in humans, and it is believed that this is partly due to an increase in fatty acid synthesis. This is a result of an increase in the NADH/NAD"1" ratio and therefore of the synthesis of triglycerides. Changes in the mobilization of lipids in tissues followed by uptake into the liver can also be another cause of steatosis. 

In addition to the studies of clinical biological changes in lipid profile levels in patients with major depression, the mechanism of lipid metabolism should be noted and discussed [133], In past studies, the main plasma lipid transport forms have been free fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters. 

Free fatty acids, derived primarily from adipocyte triglycerides, are transported as a physical complex with plasma albumin. Triglycerides and cholesteryl esters are transported in the core of plasma lipoproteins [134], Deliconstantinos observed the physical state of the Na+/K+-ATPase lipid microenvironment as it changed from a liquid-crystalline form to a gel phase [135], The studies concerning the albumin-cholesterol complex, its behavior, and its role in the structure of biomembranes provided important new clues as to the role of this fascinating molecule in normal and pathological states [135]. 

Hartop, P.J. and Prottey, C., Changes in transepidermal water loss and the composition of epidermal lecithin after applications of pure fatty triglycerides to the skin of essential fatty acid-deficient rats, Br. J. Dermatol., 95, 255, 1976. 

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