Tri-n-butyl tin oxide

Goh CL. 1985. Irritant dermatitis from tri-n-butyl tin oxide in paint. Contact Dermatitis 12 161-163. 

Valkirs et al. [755,756] compared two methods for the determination of pg L 1 levels of dialkyltin and tributyltin species in marine and estuarine waters. The two methods studied were hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectrometry and gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Good agreement was obtained between the results of the two methods. Down to 0.0 lmg kg 1 of butyltin compounds, including tri- -butyl tin and tri-n-butyl tin oxide, could be detected. 

Iodoacetoxy(tri-/i-butyl)tin. ICH2COOSnBu3 (1). The reagent is prepared by reaction of iodoacetic acid with bis(tri-n-butyl)tin oxide. The stannyl ester CH3CHICOOSnBu3 (2) is prepared in the same way. 

VIKOL RQ shows strong synergistic antimicrobial activity when it is premixed with the VIKOL self-emulsifying bis(tri-n-butyl-tin) oxide products, VIKOL AF-25 and VIKOL LO-25. 

SYNS BIOMET TBTO BIS-(TRI-N-BUTYLCIN)OXID (CZECH) BISCTRIBLTYLOXIDE) of TIN BIS(TRIBUTYLSTANNYL)OXIDE BIS(TRI-N-BUTYLZINN)-OXYD (GERMAN) BTO BUTINOX C-Sn-9 ENT 24,979 HEXABUTYLDISTANNOXANE HEXABUTYLDITIN KYSLICNIK TRI-N-BUTYLCINICITY (CZECH) LS. 3394 OTBE (FRENCH) OXYBIS(TRIBUTYLTIN) OXYDE de TRIBUTYLETAIN TBOT O TBTO TRI-n-BUTYL-STANNANE OXIDE TRIBUTYLTIN OXIDE... 

Finally to the list of carboxyl protecting groups must be added triethyl- and tri-n-butyl-tin esters [148, 149] which are prepared by heating the acid with the trialkyl tin oxide or hydroxide azeotropically in benzene. The ester group is readily cleaved by dilute acid or base and the tin can be recovered as the trialkyltin acetate. 

In his review of 1986, Stille proposed a mechanism based primarily on data obtained from the coupling of benzoyl chloride with tri-n-butyl(phenyl)tin. This proposal already clearly stated four main steps of the catalytic cycle oxidative addition, transmetalation, isomerization, and reductive elimination. 

Tetra-n-butyltin is oxidised by chromium trioxide (1 1 molar ratio) to yield tri-n-butyltin acetate and compounds derived from the n-butyl group cleaved from the tin atom (mainly n-butyraldehyde and butyric acid)29. In the initial stages of the oxidation, the reaction follows the simple rate expressions v = k2 [Bu Sn] [Cr03]. Values of the second-order rate coefficient for the oxidation of a number of tetraalkyitins by Cr03 in solvent acetic acid at 20 °C were reported29 to be as follows... 

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