Treatment of mercury

Paulsson, K. and K. Lundbergh. 1991. Treatment of mercury contaminated fish by selenium addition. Water Air Soil Pollut. 56 833-841. 

Nuclear Fuel Services, Inc. (NFS), developed the commercially available DeHg process for the low-temperature treatment of mercury-contaminated hazardous and mixed wastes. The technology uses a proprietary amalgamation process to convert mercury into a nonhazardous solid. The technology is now offered by Advanced Recovery Systems, Inc. The developer claims the technology can be used on sludges, hazardous and mixed wastes, and mercury-contaminated wastes containing tritium. 

The vendor claims that MSRDI technology allows for more effective treatment of mercury-contaminated soils than physical separation techniques alone, especially when mercury is present in organic or ionic forms. 

The assembly of functionalized nanostructured silica with uniform pore channels using neutral alkylamine surfactants (S°I° -> HMS) and non-ionic alkylpolyethyleneoxide surfactants (N°I° —> MSU-X) provides many advantages over conventional electrostatic assembly pathways (S+f, etc.). In contrast with electrostatically assembled MCM-41-type materials, mesostructured adsorbents produced by non-electrostatic assembly methods typically possess pore channel structures and particle morphologies which improve their ability to interact with targeted adsorbate species. Moreover, non-electrostatic assembly pathways are well-suited for the direct synthesis of functionalized mesostructured silica by one-step preparation processes under ambient temperature, neutral pH conditions. The environmental application of such materials for the treatment of mercury-contaminated water is also demonstrated. 

The uflinily of mercury for sulfhvdrvl groups provides the basis lor treatment of mercury poisoning using chelaling agents Iqvl such as dimcrcaprol (for high level exposures or symptomatic patients), or penicillamine llor low level exposure or asymptomatic patients). 

The quenching of the oxymercuration has also been studied, and treatment of mercurials with copper(I) chloride has been found superior to the method using sodium chloride or potassium bromide, in order to minimize the reversion of the reaction to give the starting alkene117. 

Acetylpenicillamine is a weaker chelating agent than penicillamine, has no effect on collagen cross-links, and is not effective in rheumatoid arthritis. It has been used in the treatment of mercury poisoning (1). 

Treatment of mercury dimethjd with iodine or mercuric iodide. ... 

The first reported attempt, in 1871, to prepare CO(CN)j was by the treatment of mercury cyanide with CO, but this was unsuccessful [338]. In the same paper, however, it was suggested that the reaction of AgCN with liquid phosgene might be more successful [338]. However, a paper published in the same year (by another worker) reported that this reaction was also unsuccessful [761] ... 

Bromination of pyridinecarbonitrile 111 in chloroform with bromine gives 112 in 80% yield (84EGP205895). Treatment of mercury(II) nicotinate with iodine or bromine in nitrobenzene at 180 185°C affords 3-iodo- and 3-bromopyridines in 44 and 27% yield, respectively (83JOC3297). 

Aaseth, J., D. Jacobsen, O. Andersen, and E. Wickstrom. 1995. Treatment of mercury and lead poisoning with dimercaptosuocinic acid and sodium dimercaptopropane-sulfonate A review. Analystl20(3) 853-854. 

Treatment of mercury poisoning requires removal from the exposure followed by chelation. New chelation methods that use Ai-acetylpenicillamine, 2,3,-dimercaptopropane-l-sulfonate, or di-mercaptosuccinic acid replaced early uses of British Anti-Lewisite and D-penicillamine (Marsh 1985). British Anti-Lewisite (2,3-di-mercaptopropanol) increases cerebral organic mercury in some cases (Goetz 1985). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid does not displace mercury and worsens the renal toxicity of mercury (Goetz 1985). 

Aaseth J, Jacoben D, Andersen O and Wick-STE0M E (1995) Treatment of mercury and lead poisoning with dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) and sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate (DMPS). Analyst 120 853-854. 

Bose-O Reilly S, Drasch G, Beinhoee C, Maydl S, VosKO MR, Roider G and Dzaja D (2003) The Mt. Diwata Study on the Philippines 2000 -treatment of mercury intoxicated inhabitants of a gold mining area with DMPS (2,3-Dimercapto-l-propane-sulfonic acid, Dimaval ). Sci Total Environ 307 71-82. 

Paulsson K and Lundbeegh K (1994) Selenium Treatment of Mercury-Contaminated Water Systems. In Carapella SC, Oldfield JE and Palmieri Y, eds. Proc. 5th International Conf On the Uses of Selenium and Tellurium, 8 -10 May 1994,... 

Heating 65, 68 (M=Zn, Cd R=CH3, tert-C H L=3,5-lutidine) gives metal sulfides in quantitative yields with the elimination of diacyl sulfides [249]. Treatment of mercury bis(thioacetate) with an aqueous solution of KOH gives mercury sulfide and potassium acetate [307]. Phenylmercury thiocarboxylates 70 react with AT-bromo- [148] and JV-iodo-succinimides [146] to give the corresponding acylsulfenyl halides (Scheme 5) (see Sect. 2.3.5). 

G. Thibeault, B. Cyr, Y. Denicourt, and D. Fauehet, Design, Construction, and Implementation of Pilot Unit for the Treatment of Mercury-Contaminated Soil, 36th Chlorine Institute Plant Managers Seminar, Washington, DC (1993). 

Another common class of dimercury(l) salts is those of the oxo-acids Hg2(YO ,) . Like the mercury halides, Hg2(YO ,) could be prepared by different methods such as metathesis (anion exchange), comproportionation, or treatment of mercury with the corresponding acid. The anions could be either inorganic such as NOj", COj ", HSO, , XOj" (X = C1, Br, 1), N02 , H2P04" [9], or... 

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