Tranylcypromine Parnate

With most psychedelics, their activity can probably be considerably enhanced by prior (or possibly concomitant) use of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (e.g., isocarboxazid (Marplan), nialamide (Niamid), phenelzine (Nardil), and tranylcypromine (Parnate)). Some compounds (e.g., DMT) which have no oral activity, can probably become orally active. These compounds are often prescribed as antidepressants, but it is not a good idea to use them frequently or in large doses. For antidotes to the hallucinogens see Amer. J. Hosp. Pharm. 30,80(1973). 

In the United States, there are presently three approved MAOis phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and isocarboxizide (Marplan). These medications are all nonselective, irreversible inhibitors of the MAO enzymes. By nonselec-tive, it is meant that they block the actions of both the MAO-A and MAO-B enzyme subtypes. It is felt that blocking the MAO-B enzyme adds little to the effectiveness of these antidepressants but causes many of the problematic side effects. The MAOis are irreversible in that they deactivate the enzyme permanently. 

MAOI agents was synthesized and tested for antidepressant properties. Three MAOI agents are approved in the United States for use in major depression isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine Nardil), and tranylcypromine (Parnate). 

In the United States, the three MAOIS available for the treatment of psychiatric conditions are phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and isocarboxazid (Marplan). All three agents have indications for adult major depression (>16 years old) and, more specifically, atypical depression (anergia, hypersomnia, hy-perphagia, somatization, and anxiety symptoms). Although not indicated for anxiety, the MAOIs can also be particularly helpful in treatment of these disorders. Selegiline or L-deprenyl (Eldepryl) is also available in the United States and indicated for symptoms of Parkinson s disease and depression. 

Classical MAO inhibitors—irreversible and nonselective phenelzine (Nardil) tranylcypromine (Parnate) isocarboxazid (Marplan)... 

The monoamine oxidase inhibitors are used occasionally to treat depression. The hydrazine derivatives consist of isocarboxazid (Marplan) and phenelizine sulfate (Nardil). The nonhydrazine derivatives include tranylcypromine (Parnate). 

OFFICIAL NAMES Amitriptyline (Elavil), amoxapine (Asendin), bupropion (Wellbutrin), citalopram (Celexa), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), fluoxetine (Prozac), imipramine (Norfranil, Tofranil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), maprotiline (Ludiomil), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), paroxetine (Paxil), phenelzine (Nardil), protriptyline (Vivactil), sertraline (Zoloft), thioridazine (Mellaril), tranylcypromine (Parnate), trazodone (Desyrel), trimipramine (Sur-montil), venlafaxine (Effexor) the herb St. John s wort (Hypericum perforatum) is sold over-the-counter without prescription STREET NAMES Happy pills... 

Patients should not use dextromethorphan if they are taking any drug in the class known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), including phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), and tranylcypromine (Parnate), which are used in the treatment of depression. The combination of MAOIs with dextromethorphan can lead to toxic levels of dextromethorphan in the blood. 

C-B should not be taken by persons who use a specific category of antidepressants called monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. These include phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and moclobemide (Aurorix, Manerix). It also should not be used by diabetics. 

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as tranylcypromine (Parnate) for a time went into disfavor because of their extreme toxicity to the central... 

Youdim MB, Aronson JK, Blau K, Green AR, Grahame-Smith DG. Tranylcypromine ( Parnate ) overdose measurement of tranylcypromine concentrations and MAO inhibitory activity and identification of amphetamines in plasma. Psychol Med 1979 9(2) 377-82. 

Monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) Phenelzine (Nardil) Selegiline transdermal (Emsam) Tranylcypromine (Parnate)... 

Phenelzine (Nardil) and tranylcypromine (Parnate) are the two most common MAOIs. Two newer MAOIs are being studied to evaluate their clinical use both have a reduced risk of hypertensive reaction. Selegiline (Deprenyl) is an MAO-B inhibitor (inhibits type B MAO) that is used in the treatment of Parkinson s disease and may be especially useful for treating depression in patients with Parkinson s. Meclobe-mide, a reversible MAO-A inhibitor, is currently used in Europe and Canada and may soon be available in this country. 

In a study by Bieck and Antonin (1988) 50 percent of patients taking tranylcypromine (Parnate) showed a significant hypertensive reaction from taking 8 mg of tyramine. 

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOl) o Nialamide (Niamide) N -(2-BenzylcarbamoyT ethyl)isonicotinohydrazide o Tranylcypromine (Parnate) (+ )-fra s-2-Phe-nylcyclopropylamine sulfate (2 1) o Iproniazid (Marsilid) 2 -lsopropylisonicotino-hydrazide... 

Antidepressants are divided into the following classes the dibenzapine derivatives are called tricyclic antidepressants and include imipramine (Tofranil), desipramine (Norpramin), amitriptyline (Elavil), nortriptyline (Aventyl), protriptyline (Vivactil), and doxepin (Adapin). The monoamine oxidase inhibitors are nsed occasionally to treat depression. The hydrazine derivatives consist of isocarboxazid (Marplan) and phenelzine sulfate (Nardil). The nonhydrazine derivatives inclnde tranylcypromine (Parnate). L-Tryptophan is the only member of the monoamine precnrsors nsed to treat depression. The newer and second-generation antidepressants inclnde amoxapine, doxepin, flnoxetine, maprotiline, trazodone, mianserin, alprazolam, and bnpropion (see also Tables 5 throngh 7). 

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