Translation overview

See also Amino Acids, Peptide Bonds, Translation. Genetic Code, Polypeptides, Nucleic Acids, RNA, Translation Overview (from Chapter 27), The Genetic Code, Polyampholytes... 

See also Translation Overview (from Chapter 27), Proteins... 

See also Translation Overview, Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Translation, Figure 27.15, Stringent Response, Posttranscriptional Processing of rRNA and tRNA... 

See also Table 5.1, Genetic Code, tRNA, Metabolism of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids, Essential Amino Acids, Translation Overview, Initiation of Translation... 

See also Structure of Prokaryotic mRNAs, Translation Overview, Structure of tRNAs, Genetic Code (from Chapter 5)... 

See also Control of Translation, Translation Overview (from Chapter 27), Initiation of Translation (from Chapter 27), Elongation of Translation (from Chapter 27), Termination of Translation (from Chapter 27), Antibiotic Inhibition of Translation (from Chapter 27)... 

Proteomics is an interdisciplinary science that includes biology, bioinformatics, and protein chemistry. The purpose of this book is to provide the reader with an overview of the types of questions being addressed in proteomics studies and the technologies used to address those questions. The first chapter is a concise outline of the field as it presently stands. The second chapter provides an overview of the use of 2D-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify proteins, as well as post-translational... 

Figure 14.13 Overview of the concept of the antisense approach the end goal is the prevention of expression of a particular gene product (invariably a protein) by either blocking the transcription or translation of that gene...

An overview of issues focused on government perception of the PU industry and how that has translated into Agency activity is presented. A major focus of some agencies has been to reduce asthma in the general population. This has... 

Figure 1 Overview of specific use of seienium in bioiogical systems. Selenium can be incorporated into macromolecules in at least three separate pathways. From the reduced form of selenide, selenium is activated to selenophosphate by the action of the enzyme selenophosphate synthetase (SPS or SelD). This activated form is then used as a substrate for pathway-specific enzymes that lead to (1) insertion as selenocysteine into proteins during translation (selenoproteins), (2) incorporation into tRNA molecules as mnm Se U or Se U, and (3) insertion into a unique class of molybdoenzymes as a labile, but required, cofactor. The need for activation to selenophosphate has been demonstrated in all cases at the genetic and biochemical level, with the exception of the labile selenoenzymes, where activation of selenium has only been proposed based on proximity of genes within an operon encoding SPS and a molybdoenzyme. ...

Scheme 1 Structural overview of post-translational lipidation motifs present in nature.

In this chapter we have presented a brief struetural overview of the modifications of the primary structure and at the post-translational level that contribute to histone variability. We have also diseussed the different contributions of histones and DNA to the stability and dynamies of the ehromatin nucleoprotein complex. In Section 6 we have integrated both topies using several representative examples from experimental results available from reeent and past literature. The results described in this section provide a good example of the dual informational and structural role of histone variability. 

We begin by examining the interactions between proteins and DNA that are the key to transcriptional regulation. We next discuss the specific proteins that influence the expression of specific genes, first in prokaryotic and then in eukaryotic cells. Information about posttranscriptional and translational regulation is included in the discussion, where relevant, to provide a more complete overview of the rich complexity of regulatory mechanisms. 

Content. After a brief overview of molecular collisions and interactions, dipole radiation, and instrumentation (Chapter 2), we consider examples of measured collision-induced spectra, from the simplest systems (rare gas mixtures at low density) to the more complex molecular systems. Chapter 3 reviews the measurements. It is divided into three parts translational, rototranslational and rotovibrational induced spectra. Each of these considers the binary and ternary spectra, and van der Waals molecules we also take a brief look at the spectra of dense systems (liquids and solids). Once the experimental evidence is collected and understood in terms of simple models, a more theoretical approach is chosen for the discussion of induced dipole moments (Chapter 4) and the spectra (Chapters 5 and 6). Chapters 3 through 6 are the backbone of the book. Related topics, such as redistribution of radiation, electronic collision-induced absorption and emission, etc., and applications are considered in Chapter 7. 

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