Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

I exercise, and following a low-fat vegetarian diet all have been shown to reduce the intensity of the dysmenorrhea.17,28 Dietary changes also may shorten the duration of dysmenorrhea. These interventions require little time and minimal cost and are associated with little risk. Other nonpharmacologic options that may be considered before or, in most cases, after a trial of pharmacologic interventions include the use of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), acupressure, and acupuncture.17... 

Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (non-spinal cord) as a general analgesic percutaneous electric nerve stimulation for migraine headaches... 

Coletta, R., Maggiolo, F., Di Tizio, S. Etofenamate and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatment of painful spinal syndromes, Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 1988, 8, 295-298. 

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS] Decreased pain Opioid and nonopioid analgesics Opioid antagonists (naloxone) -... 

Mrs KR should be advised to try and lose weight. She may wish to discuss the possibility of physiotherapy treatment with her GP. Patients should be encouraged to exercise gently and that exercise should include local muscle stretching and general aerobic exercise. The use of heat and cold therapy may help, as may ultrasound. Some patients may find a TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) machine is helpful. 

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) helps some sufferers it may act by promoting the release of endorphins. Ketamine (see p. 353) or lidocaine (Ugnocaine) (by i.v. infusion) are used in special circumstances. Pain due to nerve compression may be reUeved by a corticosteroid injected loccally. 

Dietary supplements such as thiamine, calcium, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids, and herbal products have been reported to be effective in the treatment of both premenstrual and menstrual pain syndromes, but few have been evaluated for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Other modes of therapy for menstrual pain include biofeedback, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, spinal manipulation, and application of local heat. Acupuncture has been... 

Wilson M, Farquhar C, Kennedy S, et al. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhea. Cochrane Review 2001 2. 

Non-pharmacologic treatment like acupuncture, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, electrical spinal cord stimulation, physical approaches and psychological support is not addressed in this chapter. 

The FDA has the authority to restrict the sale, distribution, or use of a device to prescription only if there is potential for harm if the device is not used properly. Examples of restricted devices include diaphragms, antiembolism stockings, and TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) units. Hearing aids require hearing loss evaluation by a physician at least 6 months prior to the sale of the hearing aid to the patient. 

III. TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) unit... 

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is electrical stimulation through surface electrodes. The advantage of not using syringe injections is obvious file electrical pulses stimulate the body s own mechanisms for obtaining pain relief. There are three theories as to how the pain relief is achieved ... 

A general study of the clinical effectiveness of massage by Ernst (1994) used numerous trials, with and without control groups. A variety of control interventions were used in the controlled studies including placebo, analgesics, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and so on. There were some positive effects of vibrational or manual massage, assessed as improvements in mobility, Doppler ow, expiratory volume, and reduced lymphedema in controlled studies. Improvements in musculoskeletal and phantom limb pain, but not cancer pain, were recorded in controlled studies. Uncontrolled studies were invariably positive. Adverse effects included thrombophlebitis and local in ammation or ulceration of the skin. 

Li, Li, Man Au, Wai, Li, Yi, 2009. Design of intelligent garment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation function based on the intarsia knitting technique. Textile Research... 

Therefore, the muscles are especially trained during and after disk herniation to protect the backbone and to prevent the patient from further complaints and pain. Before a disk herniation can be treated, however, the symptoms have to be examined. In three-quarters of the cases the disk herniation can be treated with physiotherapy, medication and targeted exercises together with specialists. The physiotherapist also uses electrostimulation therapy, called transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. 

Chen D, Philip M, Philip PA, Monga TN. Cardiac pacemaker inhibition by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1990 71 27-30. 

Rasmussen MJ, Hayes DL, Vlietstra RE, Thorsteinsson G. Can transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation be safely used in patients with permanent pacemakers Mayo Clin Proc 1988 63 443. 

---