Toxic relevance

Hoschele D (2006) Cell culture models for the investigation of NRTI-induced mitochondrial toxicity. Relevance for the prediction of clinical toxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 20(5) 535-546 Itescu S, Brancato LJ et al (1989) A sicca syndrome in HIV infection association with HLA-DR5 and CDS lymphocytosis. Lancet 2(8661) 466 68 Itescu S, Brancato LJ et al (1990) A diffuse infiltrative CDS lymphocytosis syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection a host immune response associated with HLA-DR5. Ann Intern Med 112(1) 3-10... 

Zhou, S., Chan, E., Duan, W. et al. (2005) Drug bioactivation, covalent binding to target proteins and toxicity relevance. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 1, 41-213. 

Legator MS, Ward JB Jr. 1984. Genetic toxicity Relevant studies with animals ahd humans. In Reproduction lie new frontier in occupational and environmental health research. Prog Clin Biol Res 160 491-525. 

W. K. Lutz, S. Vamvakas, A. Kopp-Schneider, J. Schlatter and H. Stopper, Deviation from additivity in mixture toxicity relevance of nonlinear dose-response relationships and cell line differences in genotoxicity assays with combinations of chemical mutagens and g-radiation. Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements, 2002,110(6), 915-918. 

Data on toxicity relevant to clinical treatment would be those describing effects that have not been found clinically, cannot be predicted from the pharmacology, and that occurred at exposures similar to or at low multiples of the human exposure. 

What is meant by the terms baseline toxicity or narcosis Why is this type of toxicity relevant in the environment ... 

Toxically relevant substances have been recognized as such either as a result of animal experiments or casuistic observations. Here, too, it has been seen that findings from animal experiments can only be applied to humans to a certain extent. The dosage and duration of exposure are extremely relevant the lesion pattern after acute, high exposure (e.g. in an accident or attempted suicide) can differ considerably from that after chronic exposure (to both high and low quantities). A clear... 

Figure 6 Immunoaffinity or immunoassay CE profiles of tear fluid obtained from (a) a patient with no clinical signs of CyA toxicity and (b) a patient during an episode of systemic toxicity. Relevant peaks CyA, cyclosporin A peaks 1-4 represent cyclosporin metabolites 1, AMI, 2, AM9, 3, AMlc, 4, AM4N (77). (Reproduced with permission from the copyright holder, John Wiley Sons, Ltd. and Biomedical Chromatography.)...

In the second half of the twentieth century there was first a continuous reduction in the application of mercury. As its toxic relevance was increasingly realized, mercury was banned from many products and replaced... 

Effects attributed to chlordane exposure include blood dyscrasia, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity and cancer. Possible mechanisms of toxicity relevant to all target organs include the ability of chlordane and its metabolites to bind irreversibly to cellular macromolecules, inducing cell death or disrupting normal cell function. In addition, chlordane may increase tissue production of superoxide, which can accelerate lipid peroxidation, disrupting the function of cellular and subcellular membranes. Chlordane induces its own metabolism to toxic intermediates, which may exacerbate its hepatotoxicity. This may involve suppression of hepatic mitochondrial energy metabolism. 

Nervous System Toxicity Relevance to Drug Attrition... 

Toxicity-relevant bioassays for thousands of chemicals from Toxcast [13] and Tox21 [14, 15] projects, which can be complemented by in vivo toxicity data from the ToxRefDB [16] database,... 

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