Tower burst

Detonations which produce particle populations of the first category are land surface bursts, land subsurface bursts, vented underground bursts, and tower bursts. 

Tower Burst. If the energy of the detonation is sufficient to vaporize the entire tower mass, the particle population is like that described for the land surface burst. If, however, the entire tower is not vaporized, the particle population will consist of three identifiable components— the crystalline and glass components of the surface detonation plus a metal sphere population which arises from melted (not vaporized) tower materials resolidifying as spheres. Such spheres are metallic rather than metal oxide and exhibit the density and magnetic properties of the tower material. The size range of the spherical component is from a few microns to perhaps a few hundred microns diameter. If we indicate by... 

When water started to react with MIC, no control of the temperature/pressure started, because it was late at night and the operational staff was reduced to a minimum, and the MIC tank s alarms had not worked for 4 years. The gas leakage followed, for the first 30 min, approximately the inverse route of water entrance (Figure 1.6), except that which reached the atmosphere through the vent collection system (VCS). However, the flare tower and the vent gas scrubber (Figure 1.7) had been out of service for 5 months before the disaster. After the first 30 min, the rupture disk bursts and this increased the rate of release of MIC. 

Solder bumps as small as 25 pm on 35 pm have been demonstrated. Figure 11-14 also shows solder towers that can be printed by dispensing a burst (more than one) of drops that stack up as tower. 

The material distilled in some towers becomes super-corrosive when exposed to moisture. Some depropanizers in sulfuric-acid alkylation service are quite susceptible to moisture-initiated corrosion. One such depropanizer had a long history of corrosion failures. Most frequently, the overhead condenser tubes would start leaking. When this occurred, propane vapors rose from the cooling tower. Often, the effects of corrosion were less subtle clouds of hydrocarbons would burst forth from leaking lines. 

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