Toughened ceramics toughening

Nonpowder Synthesis. Many ceramic composites (qv) under iavestigation utilize reinforcing ceramic whiskers or fibers to achieve toughening (19). Whiskers (17,19,20) are produced by vapor-synthesis techniques. SiC whiskers can be produced by the rice hull or vapor—soHd (VS) method whereby rice hulls are pyrolyzed to produce a mixture of carbon, C, and Si02, and whiskers are produced by directional growth by vapor... 

Another area of success has been in applied materials research. Because of the integral nature of materials to advances in energy production and consumption, the laboratories have developed a number of toughened ceramics. When used as a replacement for steel, they will improve the energy performance characteristics of high-temperature applications for components of combined-cycle power plants and vehicle engines. 

Transformation toughening ceramics, 5 621-622 Transformed composition space, 22 330-331 Transforming particles ceramic—matrix composite reinforcement, 5 571—572 Transgene expression, controllable, 12 453 Transgenes, 12 452, 453... 

Whipple s rules, 20 138 Whisker reinforcement, 5 554, 555, 654 performance in ceramic—matrix composites, 5 572-575 physical properties, 5 557t synthesis, 5 642-643 and toughening, 5 622 Whiskers, silicon carbide, 22 533-534 White... 

Becher, P.F. and Tiegs, T.N. (1987). Toughening behavior involving multiple mechanisms whisker reinforcement and zirconia toughening. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70, 651-654. 

Carter, W.C., Butler, E.P, and Fuller, Jr. E.R. (1991). Micromechanical aspects of asperity-controlled friction in fiber-toughened ceramic composites. Scripta Metall. Mater. 25, 579 584. 

Sakai M., Takeuchi S., Fischbach D.B. and Bradt R.C. (1988). Delamination toughening from interfacial cracking in ceramics and ceramic composites. In Proc. Ceramic Microsiruclures 86 (J.A. Pask and A.G. Evans, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 869-876. 

Low, I.M. and Mai, Y.W. (1990). Fracture properties and failure mechanisms of pure and toughened epoxy resins. In Handbook of Ceramics (N.P. Cheremisinoff ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 105-160. 

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