Tong studies

Luo Zhen-hua, Liu Feng, Wei Liu-he, and Zhao Tong. Study on BMl modified allyl-functional novolac resin/silica cloth composites Effect of allylation degree on thermal and mechanical properties. Polym. Compos. 28 no. 2 (2007) 180-185. 

Guangji Li, Hui Feng, Qiyong Tong. Study on the preparation and properties of thermally conductive and electric-insulating T-ZnOw/PP composites. Materials Research and Application,... 

Tonge studied the gas chromatographic analysis of butyl, octyl and phenyl tin halides, compounds used as intermediates for the manufacture of stabilisers for plastics, fungicides for paints, and certain other biological and agricultural chemicals. 

While dimensional analysis is often a useful tool for dealing with a problem, it has not yet been successful for studying this phenomenon, mainly because the fluid properties of importance in forced-convection boiling have not been identified. Burn-out correlations based on dimensional analysis have appeared, e.g., Griffith (G5), Reynolds (R2), Zenkevitch (Zl), Ivashkevich (12), Tong et al. (T6), but the fluid properties used in these cases have been chosen on the basis of various assumptions without any demonstration that the properties used were the correct ones. They have, in fact, been shown in recent work by Barnett (B5), (to be considered later) to be either incorrect or incomplete. 

The development of resistance against HCV NS3/4 protease inhibitors will become a major challenge for the clinical use of these new compounds. Clinical trials of telaprevir (VX-950) have shown that mutations at different positions are rapidly selected (Sarrazin et al. 2005). In vitro studies indicate that cells bearing repUcons with those mutations are associated with different levels of resistance to telaprevir (< 10-fold change to >40-fold change in sensitivity). However, telaprevir-resistant mutants remain susceptible to interferon-a, at least in the replicon system. Likewise, replicon mutants that are resistant to boceprevir are still sensitive to interferon-a (Tong et al. 2006). 

Beaulieu C, de Crespigny A, Tong DC, Moseley ME, Alhers GW, Marks MP. Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study of perfusion and diffusion in stroke evolution of lesion volume and correlation with clinical outcome. Arm Neurol 1999 46 568-578. 

That HCr04, VO and VO2 are the predominant species under the conditions of Espenson s kinetic study originates from evidence cited by Tong and King, and Rossotti and Rossotti, respectively. No binuclear species are detectable in the Cr(III) product. Vanadium(V) retards the reaction and the full form of the rate law is... 

Rice C, Tong YY, Oldfield E, Wieckowski A, Hahn F, Gloaguen F, Leger J-M, Lamy C. 2000. In situ infrared study of carbon monoxide adsorbed onto commercial fuel-cell-grade carbon-supported platinum nanoparticles correlation with C NMR results. J Phys Chem B 104 5803-5807. 

Saebe, S., Tong, W. and Pulay, P. Efficient elimination of basis set superposition errors by the local correlation method Accurate ab initio studies of the water dimer, J. Chem. Phys., 98, 2170-2175. 

Because of the damagingly high temperature of the heater surface at DNB in a water flow, most studies of bubble behavior near the boiling crisis have been conducted on a Freon flow, where the surface temperature is much lower than in a water flow. The validity of the simulations of boiling crisis has been established in many studies, such as those of Stevens Kirby (1964), Cumo et al. (1969), Tong et al. (1970), Mayinger (1981), and Celata et al. (1985). 

Mattson, R. J., F. G. Hammitt, and L. S. Tong, 1973, A Photographic Study of the Subcooled Flow Boiling Crisis in Freon-113, ASME Paper 73-HT-39, Natl. Heat Transfer Conf., Atlanta, GA. (5)... 

Tong, L. S., L. E. Efferding, and A. A. Bishop, 1966b, A Photographic Study of Subcooled Boiling Flow and DNB of Freon-113 in a Vertical Channel, ASME Paper 66-WA/HT-39, Winter Annual Meeting, ASME, New York. (3)... 

Baghurst PA, McMichael AJ, Tong S, et al. 1995. Exposure to environmental lead and visual-motor integration at age 7 years The Port Pirie cohort study. Epidemiology 6(2) 104-109. 

Liu J, Yu K, Tong S, el al. 1988. [Study on mutagenesis of lead and its influence on female reproductive function] Bulletin of Hunan Medical College 13 132-135. (Japanese)... 

Tong S, Baghurst P, McMichael A, et al. 1996. Lifetime exposure to environmental lead and children s intelligence at 11-13 years the Port Pirie cohort study. BMJ 312(7046) 1569-1575. 

He X, Bell AF, Tonge PJ (2002) Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of model red fluorescent protein chromophores. Org Lett 4 1523-1526... 

Malo GD, Wang M, Wu D, Stelling AL, Tonge PJ, Wachter RM (2008) Crystal structure and Raman studies of dsFP483, a cyan fluorescent protein from Discosoma striata. J Mol Biol 378 871-886... 

Tong, J. et al., Experimental studies of steam reforming of methane in a thin Pd-based membrane reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44, 1454, 2005. 

Forouhar F, Yang Y, Kumar D, Chen Y, Fridman E, Park SW, Chiang Y, Acton TB, Montelione GT, Pichersky E, Klessig DF, Tong L (2005) Structural and biochemical studies identify tobacco SABP2 as a methyl salicylate esterase and implicate it in plant innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102 1773-1778... 

In the Utell et al. (1997) study, urine samples were collected prior to exposure, at the end of exposure (0-4 h), and at 4-12 h and 12-24 h for measurement of metabolites (Tong et al. 1998). The major metabolite was 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl glucuronide. Excretion of the metabolite was dose-dependent with the highest amounts present in the 4-12 h urine samples. A small amount of dichlorofluoroacetic acid was present. HCFC-141b was not detected in blood 24 h after exposure. 

CNTs have been studied for cancer therapies despite the fact that these have been shown to accumulate to toxic levels within the organs of diverse animal models and different cell lines (Fiorito et al., 2006 Tong and Cheng, 2007). The molecular and cellular mechanisms for toxicity of carbon nanotubes have not been fully clarified. Furthermore, toxicity must be examined on the basis of multiple routes of administration (i.e., pulmonary, transdermal, ocular, oral, and intravenous) and on multiple species mammals, lower terrestrial animals, aquatic animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates), and plants (both terrestrial and aquatic). A basic set of tests for risk assessment of nanomaterials has been put forward (Nano risk framework). 

Chabot J-G, Dumont Y, St- Pierre JA, Tong Y, Dore S, et al. 1999. Anatomical approaches to study G-protein coupled peptide receptors. Peptidergic G-protein-coupled receptors from basic research to clinical application. Geppetti P, Muller-Esterl W, Regoli D, editors. Amsterdam lOS Press pp. 11-28. 

Rhodes, R.C. and Tong, J.D. Run-off and mobility studies onbenomyl in soils and turf. Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 12(4) 385-393, 1974. 

Kaniga K, Flamm R, Tong SY, Lee M, Friedland I, Redman R. (2010) Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-P-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant enterobacteriaceae Analysis of sixphase 3 chnical studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54 2119-2124. 

There are only few experimental studies where the importance of the oxyanion hole for stabilizing the enolate oxyanion has been quantified. Tonge and collaborators [21] have studied the properties of the Glyl41Pro variant of hydratase. In this variant, one of the two peptide NH groups of the oxyanion hole (N(Glyl41)) has been disabled because of the Glyl41Pro mutahon. Compared to the wild-type enzyme, kcat is reduced 10 -fold, whereas is not affected. In addition, Raman studies suggest that the active site of the variant remains intact. 

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