Tolmetin sodium

Acetic acid derivatives (including INDOLE derivatives) diclofenac potassium diclofenac sodium etodolac indomethacin ketorolac tromethamine sulindac tolmetin sodium... 

Improvement of pharmacokinetic Prolong action Tolmetin sodium Tolmetin glycine amide42... 

Kefoproten Mefenamic acid Naproxen Noramidopyrine Oxyphenbutazone Phenylbutazone Piroxicam Sulindac Sulfinpyrazone Tartrazine Tolmetin Sodium salicylate... 

Strom BE, Carson JL, Schinnar R, Sim E, Morse ML. The effect of indication on the risk of hypersensitivity reactions associated with tolmetin sodium vs other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. J Rheumatol 1988 15(4) 695-9. 

Gall EP, Caperton EM, McComb JE, Messner R, Multz CV, O Hanlan M, Willkens RF. Clinical comparison of ibuprofen, fenoprofen calcium, naproxen and tolmetin sodium in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rherrmatol 1982 9(3) 402-7. 

Reid RT, Levin J, Ricca LR, et al Tolmetin sodium in the treatment of osteoarthrtis an analysis of 725 patients with a year or more of therapy. Curr Ther Res 1982 28 173. 

Tolmetin Sodium, USP. Tolmetin sodium. I-methyl-5-(p-toluoyl)pyrrule-2-acetate dihydrate sodium. McN-25.<9 (Tolectin). is an arylacetic acid derivative with a pyrrole a- the aryl group. This drug is absorbed rapidly, with a lela-tivcly short plasma half-life (I hour). It is recommended for use in the management of acute and chronic RA. It shm- similar, but le.ss frequent, adverse effects with aspirin. Il doe-not potentiate coumarin-like drugs nor alter the Mood levels of sulfonylureas or insulin. Like other drugs in this class, it inhibits prostaglandin synthetase and lowers PCE blood levels. 

Tolmetin sodium is a NSAID, which decreases inflammation, pain, and fever, probably through inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity and prostaglandin synthesis. It is indicated in the treatment of chronic and acute rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Tolmetin and ketoroiac are structurally related heteroaryl acetic acid derivatives with different pharmacological features. Diclofenac is a phenylacetic acid derivative that was developed specifically as an antiinflammatory agent. 

This eonstitutes an important class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which have gained reeognition in the reeent past. A few classieal examples of this group are, indomethacin sulindac tolmetin sodium zomepirac sodium ... 

It is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug structurally very similar to tolmetin sodium. It is normally used in mild to moderate pain, ineluding that of musculoskeletal disorders. 

Indomethacin and Tolmetin Sodium are two typical examples of heteroarylaeetin aeid analogue of NSAID. Give the synthesis of one of them while differentiating their ehemieal struetures. 

Tolmetin sodium is rapidly and almost completely absorbed on oral administration, with peak plasma levels being attained within the first hour of administration. It has a relatively short plasma half-life of approximately 1 hour because of extensive first-pass metabolism, involving hydroxylation of the p-methyl group to the primary alcohol, which is subsequently oxidized to the dicarboxylic acid shown below. This metabolite is inactive in standard in vivo anti-inflammatory assays. The free acid (pKa = 3.5) is highly bound to plasma proteins (99%), and excretion of tolmetin and its metabolites occurs primarily in the urine. 

Tolmetin sodium is indicated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. 

Naproxen sodium Anaprox, Aleve, Naprelan Oxaprozin Daypro Piroxicam Feldene Sulindac Clinoril Tolmetin sodium Tolectin Adverse reactions Abdominal pain, bleeding, anorexia, ulcers, liver toxicity, dyspepsia, heartburn (minimized if taken with meals) flank pain may indicate nephrotoxicity drowsiness, headache, dizziness, confusion, tinnitus, vertigo, depression, bladder infections, blood in urine and kidney necrosis... 

The use of combinations of HA-Na and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (e.g., naproxen sodium, tolmetin sodium), antimitotic agents (e.g., trapidil), and cytokines (e.g., interleukin-4) for preventing postoperative adhesion is discussed in more detail in Chapter 9. 

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