Titanium nitride combustion synthesis

The synthesis of titanium nitride by a combustion method was first studied by Moissan in 1892, as reported by Hlavacek.27 Moissan found that titanium has a strong affinity for nitrogen and burns in an atmosphere of gas at 1070 K with incandescence forming the hard, bronze-colored mononitride, TiN. 

The synthesis of titanium nitride and titanium carbonitride by self-propagating combustion... 

The combustion synthesis of TiN under high nitrogen pressure was investigated by Borovinskaya and Loryan34 in 1978. They produced TiN from titanium diluted with 50% TiN at PN2 of 400 MPa. Hirao et al.35 36 studied the combustion of Ti, Zr and Ta samples diluted with 50% of their nitrides, under high nitrogen pressure (up to 25 MPa) and produced stoichiometric nitrides. 

A theoretical analysis of combustion synthesis of refractory nitrides was presented by Munir and Holt in 1987.37 They predicted the existence of an activation energy due to chemical reaction or mass-transport. Glassman et al. in 1987,38 in their thermodynamic analysis of TiN formation, examined the possibility of creating TiN by a self-sustained reaction of the metal particles and nitrogen gas in a rocket motor. They reported that for the stoichiometric ratio of 0.5 mole N2/mole titanium, the reaction has... 

Brezinsky, K., Brehm, J. A., Law, C. K., and Glassman, I., Supercritical combustion synthesis of titanium nitride. Twenty-sixth Symposium (International) of Combustion. The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, 1875 (1996). 

Eslamloo-Grami, M., and Munir, Z. A., Effect of porosity on the combustion synthesis of titanium nitride. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 73, 1235 (1990a). 

Synthesis of Titanium Nitride by Combustion of Ferrotitanium in Nitrogen... 

We studied the dependence that the output parameters of the combustion and synthesis of titanium nitride have on the ratio of ammonium hexafluoroti-tanate and sodium azide in a starting charge. We varied the molar ratio of the K(NH4)2TiFg halide with respect to six moles of sodium azide. The results of our investigations are presented in Table 8.2. 

ZA Munir, S Deevi, ME Grami. The synthesis of titanium nitride by self-sustaining combustion methods. High Temp High Press 20 19, 1988. 

Agrafiotis, C. C Puszynski, J. A., and Hlavacek, V., Experimental study on the synthesis of titanium and tantalum nitrides in the self-propagating regime. Combust. Sci. Tech., 76, 187 (1991). 

It was established that the use of two different combustible elements in SHS-Az systems makes it possible to form composite powders. In this case, the portion of titanium, for example, in the initial mixture (see Equation 8.9) is replaced by an adequate portion of different combustible elements, for example, zirconium (see Equation 8.23). The composition TiN-ZrN is formed as result of synthesis. By varying the contents of combustible elements in the initial mixture, one can obtain the final compositions with different content of final refractory components of nitride-nitride type. 

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