Titanium III iodide

CgHj4CI3N12O1sTi, Hexaureatitanium perchlorate, 38B, 952 CgH2413N120eTi, Hexakis(urea)titanium(III) iodide, 35B, 630 CgH24I3N120gV, Hexaureavanadium triiodide, 38B, 953 CgH24N14O12Zn, Hexaureazinc nitrate, 38B, 954... 

Titanium reacts with iodine to form titanium(III) iodide, emitting heat. 

With a more powerful reductant, e.g. titanium(III) chloride, the iodate is reduced to iodide ... 

Titanium (IV) iodide may be prepared by a variety of methods. High-temperature methods include reaction of titanium metal with iodine vapor,1-3 titanium carbide with iodine,4 titanium(IV) oxide with aluminum (III) iodide,5 and titanium (IV) chloride with a mixture of hydrogen and iodine. At lower temperatures, titanium (IV) iodide has been obtained by the combination of titanium and iodine in refluxing carbon tetrachloride7 and in hot benzene or carbon disulfide 8 a titanium-aluminum alloy may be used in place of titanium metal.9 It has been reported that iodine combines directly with titanium at room temperature if the metal is prepared by sodium reduction of titanium (IV) chloride and is heated to a high temperature before iodine is... 

Diphenylphosphine)lithium, 126 Nickel boride, 197 Samarium(II) iodide, 270 to 1,2-disubstituted compounds B-3-Pinanyl-9-borabicyclo-[3.3.1]nonane, 249 Titanium(III) chloride, 302 of phosphorus compounds Lithium aluminum hydride-Cerium(III) chloride, 159 of sulfoxides and sulfones Sodium iodide-Boron trifluoride ether-ate, 282... 

Reductive coupling of carbonyls to alkenes Titanium(IV) chloride-Zinc, 310 of carbonyls to pinacols Titanium(III) chloride, 302 Titanium(IV) chloride-Zinc, 310 of other substrates Samarium(II) iodide, 270 Reductive cyclization 2-(Phenylseleno)acrylonitrile, 244 Tributylgermane, 313 Tributyltin hydride, 316 Triphenyltin hydride, 335 Trityl perchlorate, 339 Reductive hydrolysis (see Hydrolysis) Reductive silylation Chlorotrimethylsilane-Zinc, 82... 

A number of low-valent metal ions have been shown to reduce a-halocarbonyl compounds. The most commonly used species for this purpose have been chromium(II) and low-valent titanium " salts, although vanadium(II), samarium(II), iron(II) and tin(II) salts have also been used. 7 222 chloro, bromo and iodo ketones can all be reduced by chromium(II) and titanium(III) salts. Selective reductions are possible axial halides are reduced in preference to equatorial, and a,a-dihalo ketones can be selectively reduced to the corresponding monohalides (equation 10). 7 The use of samarium(II) iodide has recently been advocated for such a-cleavages.72 a-Halo esters and ketones are reduced instantaneously at -78 °C in excellent yields. a-Acetoxy esters are stable to this reagent. 

The polymerization of butadiene with an aluminum trialkyl-titanium tetra-iodide catalyst system apparently yields a polybutadiene containing more than 85% cis-1,4- structure (19). The limited amount of data available does not cover a sufficiently wide range of Al/Ti ratios to permit the drawing of conclusions analogous to those drawn in the case of the trans-l,4-polybutadienes. However, as shown in Table III, over the range of Al/Ti ratios from 1.5 to 5.0, the polybutadiene prepared in benzene at 30° C. contains 85 to 93% cis-1,4-, 3 to 11% tram-1,4-, and 3 to 5% 1,2- structures. 

Barium iodate 1-hydrate, synthesis 4 Indium(I) bromide, synthesis 6 Hexachlorodisiloxane, synthesis 7 Trichlorosilanethiol, synthesis 8 Tris(acetylacetonato)silicon chloride, synthesis 9 Titanium(III)chloride, synthesis 11 Bis[tris(acetylacetonato)titanium(IV)] hexachloro-titanate(IV), synthesis 12 Zirconium(IV) iodide, synthesis 13 (Triphenyl) aminophosphonium chloride, synthesis 19 (Dimethylamido)phosphoryl dichloride, synthesis 20 Bis(dimethylamido)phosphoryl chloride, synthesis 21 Trimeric and tetrameric phosphonitrilic bromides, synthesis 23 Phosphorus(V) chloride-boron trichloride complex, synthesis 24... 

Amino-naphthalenes (176) are obtained by treatment of isoquinolinium salts (175) with amines (Scheme 72), and 4-(methylaminomethyl)indole is formed when 2-methyl-5-nitroisoquinolinium iodide is reduced with titanium(iii) chloride. ... 

M is the analyte and m may be equal to n or not (for example, As and As are both reduced to AsHs). Hydrides were collected in U-tubes in a nitrogen trap or in rubber balloons. Titanium(iii) chloride—hydrochloric acid and magnesium-zinc reductants were used to extend the hydride method to bismuth, antimony, and tellurium. For some elements, especially tin, lead, and tellurium, the hydride formation reaction is relatively slow and hence the collection vessel is necessary. In addition, arsenic(v) must be reduced to arsenic(iii) by tin(ii) chloride or potassium iodide before the actual hydride generation when a metal-acid reduction is employed. 

Related Reagents. Lithium Aluminum Hydride-(2,2 -Bipy-ridyl)(l,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Bis(cyclopentadienyl)nickel Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Boron Trifluoride Etherate Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Cerium(III) Chloride Lithium Aluminum Hydride-2,2 -Dihydroxy-l, E-binaphthyl Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Chromium(III) Chloride Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Cobalt(II) Chloride Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Copper(I) Iodide Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Diphosphoms Tetraiodide Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Nickel(II) Chloride Lithium Aluminum Hydride-Titanium(IV) Chloride Titanium(III) Chloride-Lithium Aluminum Hydride. 

Magnesium iodide Lead(II) iodide Strontium iodide Indium(III) iodide Tetraiodosilane Thorium(IV) iodide Titanium(IV) iodide Uranium(IV) iodide Indium... 

Titanium(III) and vanadiumCII) salts are said to be superior in both convenience and efficiency to previous procedures both reagents are known to be highly efficient one-electron donors [58]. Sodium dithionite [59], and mercury and sodium iodide [60] have also been shown to reduce the tropylium cation to ditropyl. 

The coulometry methods based on the physical law which sets the link between the weights of turned electricity and quantity of spent electricity. In many cases the electro generated coulometrical titrate enters in the oxidation process with organic substratum on the mechanism of reaction with the electron carriers. The most effective carriers ate the variable valence metals ions and its components oxidants—chrome (VI), manganese (III), cobalt (III), cerium (IV), vanadium (V), copper (II) deoxidants—cobalt (II), chrome (II), vanadium (HI), titanium (III), iron (II), copper (I), tin (II). The wide area of practical use of the halide ions (chloride-, bromide-, iodide-ions) highlights them apart Ifom a number of reagents—electron carriers. Halide—ions are... 

The natural products gutta-percha and balata consist of tra w-l,4-polyisoprene. With the aid of vanadium trichloride and triethylalumium, tra w-l,4-polyisoprene can be produced with 98% trans-, A enchainments [133,258]. The optimal Al/V ratio is the range of 5 to 7. The activity can be increased by the addition of small amounts of ether, heterogenerization on supports (kaolin, Ti02), or blending with titanium(III) chloride or titanium alcoholates [259-261]. Further catalysts featuring lower activity, however, are allylnickel iodide, trisallylchormium on silica, or complexes of neodymium [262 265]. 

Several methods have been proposed based on the decomposition of diazonium salts. The volume of nitrogen can be measured after treating aryldiazonium compounds with copper(i) chloride , potassium iodide , or titanium(iii) chloride . Otherwise, the excess catalyst can be determined, as in the case of titanium(m) chloride , or chromium(ii) chloride . The diazonium compound strongly heated with hydriodic acid yields iodine which can be titrated . 

C3 H3 2CrIN,03, cis-Bis-(2-methoxyphenyl)bis-(2,2 -bipyridyl)-chromiumdll) iodide monohydrate, 38B, 753 C3 H3 N2Ti2, M-Dinitrogen-bis(p-tolyl-dicyclopentadienyl-titanium-(III)), 45B, 891... 

Potassium iodide, 20% UV aqueous made from Analar solid, prepared weekly. Titanium(III) solution 10% m/v. 

It is therefore possible to determine cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, and Mn2+ in the presence of the above-mentioned metals by masking with an excess of potassium or sodium cyanide. A small amount of iron may be masked by cyanide if it is first reduced to the iron(II) state by the addition of ascorbic acid. Titanium(IV), iron(III), and aluminium can be masked with triethanolamine mercury with iodide ions and aluminium, iron(III), titanium(lV), and tin(II) with ammonium fluoride (the cations of the alkaline-earth metals yield slightly soluble fluorides). 

Another well-known transformation of carbonyl derivatives is their conversion to pinacols (1,2-diols) via an initial one-electron reduction with highly active metals (such as sodium, magnesium, aluminum, samarium iodide, cerium(III)/ I2, yttrium, low-valent titanium reagents (McMurry coupling), etc.), amines, and electron-rich olefins and aromatics as one-electron donors (D).43 Ketyl formation is rapidly followed by dimerization44 (equation 22). 

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