Titanium ferro

Ferro-alloys Master alloys containing a significant amount of bon and a few elements more or less soluble in molten bon which improve properties of bon and steels. As additives they give bon and steel better characteristics (increased tensile sbength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.). For master alloy production carbothermic processes are used for large-scale ferro-sihcon, ferro-chromium, ferro-tungsten, ferro-manganese, ferro-nickel and metallothermic processes (mainly alumino and sihco-thermic) for ferro-titanium, ferro-vanadium, ferro-molybdenum, ferro-boron. 

Stable oxides, such as those of chromium, vanadium and titanium cannot be reduced to the metal by carbon and the production of these metals, which have melting points above 2000 K, would lead to a refractory solid containing carbon. The co-reduction of the oxides with iron oxide leads to the formation of lower melting products, the ferro-alloys, and this process is successfully used in industrial production. Since these metals form such stable oxides and carbides, the process based on carbon reduction in a blast furnace would appear to be unsatisfactory, unless a product saturated with carbon is acceptable. This could not be decarburized by oxygen blowing without significant re-oxidation of the refractory metal. 

D. Ferro, S.M. Barinov, J.V. Rau, R. Teghil, A. Latini, Calcium phosphate and fluorinated calcium phosphate coatings on titanium deposited by Nd YAG laser at a high fluence, Biomaterials 26 (2005) 805-812. 

There are currently three producers of Mg in the USA. The Dow Chemical Co is by far the largest producer, all of it by the electrolytic process. Alamet Division of Calumet Hecla, Inc, produces Mg from dolomite by the ferro-silicon process in their plant at Selma, Alabama. Titanium Metals porp also produces Mg as a by-product of their Ti production (Ref 19, p 664)... 

Silicate, alumino-silicate, ferro- and ferri-silicate, calcium-titanium-silicate, and alkali metal borate systems were chosen. 

The production of titanium ores fluctuates widely from year to year. About 200 short tons of rutile (95% Ti02) are marketed annually in the United States. The amount of ilmenite produced was 1644 tons in 1918, but in 1920 only 268 tons were reported. A small amount of rutile is imported from Norway, and considerable feno-carbon titanium is exported. The 1922 prices are about as follows rutile (95%), 12 cents per pound ilmenite (52% Ti02), 15 cents per pound ferro-carbon titanium (15-18%), 20 cents per pound and carbon free titanium, 30 cents per pound of contained titanium. 

C.l. Pigment Yellow 53 EINECS 232-353-3 Nickel antimony titanium yellow rutile Nickel Rutile Yellow V-9415. Pigment for thermoplastic and thermoset resins, especially high temperature engineering resins, PVC siding and profile, and industrial finishes, Ferro. 

EINECS 235-044-1 Strontium titanate Strontium titanium oxide (SrTi03) Strontium titanium trioxide Titanate (Ti03 ), strontium (1 1). Used in electronic devices and in electrical insulation. Atomergic Chemetals Ferro/ Transelco Tam Ceramics. 

The route shown in Fig. 9.12 is one which has been operated commercially in the U.K. on a fairly small scale, quite successfully. As in the case of niobium, it is convenient to use the crude ferro alloy as feed to the chlorination stage. The chloride purification stages lead to pure vanadium trichloride, which is reduced with magnesium in a manner similar to that employed for titanium, zirconium or hafnium. Some of the complexities, applicable in the latter processes owing to the volatile nature of the chlorides, are absent with vanadium. The vanadium metal sponge has some properties in common with the other metal sponges. 

Ferro-Tic, Titanium carbide metal matrix composites, Alloy Technology International, Inc. 

The names Terfenol and Nitinol relate respectively, to Terbium Ferro Naval Ordnance Laboratory and Nickel Titanium Naval Ordnance Laboratory and hence refer to their R D origin. 

Ferro-, Antiferro-, and Ferrimagnetic Minerals The most important and abundant groups are iron and iron-titanium (Fe-Ti) oxides. Iron oxyhydroxides and iron sulphides are significant, but not abundant (Bieil and Petersen, 1982). 

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