Timothy, Phleum

Bender, M.M. Berge, AJ. (1979). Influence of N and K fertilization and growth temperature on ratios of timothy Phleum pratense L.). Oecologia, 44,... 

Voles M.pennsylvanicus) suffer renal lesions (interstitial nephritis) when fed extracts of white clover, T. repens. Milder lesions were observed after feeding on reed phalaris Phalaris arundinacea) and timothy Phleum pratense). Many varieties of reed phalaris contain the toxic compoimds gramine and tryptamine (Fig.11.15). In summer and autumn, protein levels in the leaves decrease, fiber content goes up, and secondary compoimds increase in concentration. Therefore, second growth plants have more toxic effects on voles than the spring plants that grow fast and have lower levels of secondary compounds (Bergeron etal, 1987). 

Secondly, a biosynthetic investigation on lignin variation was undertaken using maize internodes. Maize internodes were examined in this study since (a) fewer plants were required for analysis (greater biomass) and (b) possible variations between normal and b.m-mutants (21) could be studied. Lignin contents and monomer composition were compared between internodes, both being collected at the top and the bottom of the maize stem. These plant parts were chosen because of differences in the digestibility of different internodes as documented for Timothy (Phleum pratense)... 

Plant tissues and soil samples from nine long-term (>50 years) soil fertility plots in the United States were analyzed for Ra by a Rn bubbler tube method and for U and Th by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrophotometry. The triple superphosphate (TSP) used for these studies, made from Florida phosphate rock, had been applied at rates of about 30 kg P ha annually. Results showed that there were no differences in U, Ra, or Th concentrations in com (Zea mays L.) leaves or grain, soybean (Glycine max. L. Merr.) leaves or grain, or timothy (Phleum pratense L.) forage grown on non-fertilized or TSP-fertilized soil (Mortvedt and Sikora, 1992). 

E.2 Inhaled allergens Exposure to these commonly results in hay fever and asthma. The main sources are pollens and fungal (mould) spores. Pollens from grasses such as Timothy (Phleum pratensis) and perennial Rye (Lolium perenne) as well as those of Plantapfo and Ambrosia species are important in causing seasonal hay fever and possibly asthma. Spores from fungi such as Cladospo-rium and Sporobolomyces have been implicated in rhinitis and asthma. 

Sampling time Timothy Phleum pratense Clover Trifolium repenes... 

Trifolium) (Poa pratensis) (Bromus inermis) timothy (Phleum pratense) ... 

Timothy, Phleum pratense, 50, 550 Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, 98,155, 297, 554, 581,713... 

Intercropping is most successful when the two crops have the complementary growth and resource needs, e.g., Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.) was too competitive with the timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.), therefore it should not be recommended as a companion crop for timothy establishment (Jefferson et al. 2000). 

Agrosteae All temperate Agrostis spp. - bent grasses Phleum pratense - timothy... 

From the fact that from the remotest times Ihe timothy-grass bacillus (Bacillus phlei, Moeller) found on Phleum pralense must have been continually ingested by ruminants in their food, the possibility of this bacillus being the wild ancestor from which Johne s bacillus had arisen is at once obvious, and if such be the case one might expect, from what has already been said, that B. phlei would be a very suitable variety to use in preparing the medium (391, p. 77). 

---