Three-dimensional perspective

Figure 2, A three-dimensional perspective of the structure of Ba1AhMo8016 as viewed down the unique axis parallel to the direction of chain growth and tunnel...

Figure 5.36 Pseudo-three-dimensional perspective of right-handed (top) and left-handed (bottom) C4 phosphonate (42) helices obtained with underwater contact-mode AFM. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 145. Copyright 1998 by the American Chemical Society.

Figure 2.16. A cross-section schematic of a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (a), with a three-dimensional perspective view of the quadrupole ion trap (b). Reprinted from A. Westman-Brinkmalm and G. Brinkmalm (2002). In Mass Spectrometry and Hyphenated Techniques in Neuropeptide Research, J. Silberring and R. Ekman (eds.) New York John Wiley Sons, 47-105. With permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.

In the publication by Nielsen et al. (2004) images of the pigmented inclusions that contain the phytoalexins were prepared by confocal microscopy. This provided a three-dimensional perspective of inclusion body formation and visualization of the phytoalexins. A representation of deoxyanthocyanidin accumulation is shown in Figure 6-3 where inclusions begin to form by 5 to 8 hours after a fungal appressorium was formed by a hypha. 

This book gives three dimensional perspective drawings of the MOs of 104 simple molecules. The first 50 pages explain how to build the MOs of complicated molecules from simpler fragment orbitals. 

Haworth projection common way of representing the cyclic structure of monosaccharides using a three-dimensional perspective. 

A major drawback of cyclic Fischer projections is the unrealistic manner in which the structures are depicted. In 1929, Haworth designed a representation to address this deficiency. Haworth projections provide a simple way to represent cyclic monosaccharides with a three-dimensional perspective. The following process allows the conversion of a Fischer projection into a Haworth representation ... 

Figure 10.2. Stacked plot rendering of computer-simulated spectra for an AB <=> A B exchanging system. [From A Simple Three Dimensional Perspective Plotting Program, by R. S. Macomber, Journal of Chemical Education, 53, 279 (1976). Reprinted by permission.]...

A final three dimensional perspective of the structure is provided in Fig. 6. From this view it is readily discerned that the Na ions are stacked along the c-axis in tunnels created by crosslinking of the metal oxide cluster chains. Each Na ion occupies a site of tetragonal coordination symmetry surrounded by eight 0 atoms at a distance of 2.740(8). When these structural features are ta en into consideration the formula NaMo O may be rewritten as Na [(Mo Mo /2°8/202/2 02/2 t0 reflect th connectivity relations witnin and between the chains. 

Figure 2a. Three-dimensional perspective plot of the Hansch equation describing pre-emergence activity of 4-sub stituted TFMS herbicides on Foxtail grass (no Tween 80 present)...

Three-dimensional perspective plots which show the relationships between tt, types examined. Herbicidal activity differences induced by surfactant addition to TFMS formulations are demonstrated by these plots. 

The most commonly used pictorial representation for a wavefunction is called the boundary surface and it is used to give a three-dimensional perspective of most of the electron density in an orbital. Usually these shapes are drawn so that their volume contains about 95% of the electron density in a molecular orbital. It is instmctive to draw them in a process that first sketches the atomic orbitals as separated functions and then brings them together, allowing mixing to occur via the secular determinant (see (14)). 

Figure 2. Two- and three-dimensional perspective plots of a scattering halo for the 107. HPC-L solution at 45°C.

Structural Insights, Nucleic Acids offers a three-dimensional perspective on nucleotide structure, base pairing, and other aspects of DNA and RNA structure. 

Ludden, j., Hubert, C., Barnes, C., Milkereit, B. Sawyer, E. 1993. A three dimensional perspective on the evolution of Archaean crust LITHO-PROBE seismic reflection images in the southwestern Superior province. Lithos, 30, 357-372. 

Figure 5. Center-of-mass velocity flux contour map n-H2i 1.84 kcal/mol, with three-dimensional perspective.

This description corresponds to a plane projection of the apparatus. In a three-dimensional perspective, all of the diffracted beams converge to F if and only if the sample is placed on a section of the toms generated by the rotation of the arc AC around the line SF and, of course, if the source is punctual. 

Kinney JH, Haupt DL, Nichols MC, Breunig TM, Marshall GW Jr., Marshall SJ (1994) The X-ray tomographic microscope three-dimensional perspectives of evolving microstructures. Nucl Instrum Methods A 347 480-486... 

Stereochemistry is the study of the three-dimensional structures of compounds. In this chapter, we will discuss the various concepts in stereochemistry starting with some simple terms such as isomers. What are isomers Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula, but with different arrangements of atoms. Stereochemistry takes us further into the intricacies of isomerism in terms of three-dimensional perspectives. Furthermore, stereochemistry helps us imderstand the differences in activities of molecules that are stmcturally rather close. In many compounds, the slightest changes in the three-dimensional form of molecules make them active or inactive. This concept is especially important in many biologically significant molecules. Stereochemistry has taken us deep into the secrets of many naturally occurring molecules in our body. 

The dobdc ligand (Figure 9.36d) shows remarkable versatility for metal-organic frameworks. MOFs of the general formula M2(dobdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) have been prepared. The chemical and physical properties of M2(dobdc) MOFs are heavily influenced by the specific metal ion incorporated. Figure 9.40 shows a two- and three-dimensional perspective of the pores formed by Zn-MOF-74 (Zn2(dobdc)). ... 

Once the localisation of mitochondrial enzymes in a two- or three-dimensional perspective is studied, it is important to realise what may be ejqjected. In textbooks, schematic representations of the three-dimensional shape of mitochondria are often globular structures which resemble flattened balls rather than flexible tubes (see e.g. reference," page 487). It should be stressed however, that in real life mitochondria may line up or may be tubular shaped and have a thread-like, sometimes branched, appearance, as shown in reference," on page 483 and 485. 

No Hs are shown for hydrogen atoms, unless they are needed to give a three-dimensional perspective, in which case we use dashed or solid wedges (as explained in the next section). 

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