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Thorn apple

Thorn apple (Datura stramonium). Reprinted with permission from Harner MJ. (1973). The role of hallucinogenic plants in European witchcraft, in Hallucinogens and Shamanism. Harner MJ, ed. London Oxford University Press. [Pg.389]

Atropine and its naturally occurring congeners are tertiary amine alkaloid esters of tropic acid (Figure 8-1). Atropine (hyoscyamine) is found in the plant Atropa belladonna, or deadly nightshade, and in Datura stramonium, also known as jimsonweed (Jamestown weed), sacred Datura, or thorn apple. Scopolamine (hyoscine) occurs in Hyoscyamus niger, or henbane, as the /(-) stereoisomer. Naturally occurring atropine is /(-)-hyoscyamine, but the compound readily racemizes, so the commercial material is racemic d,/-hyoscyamine. The /(-) isomers of both alkaloids are at least 100 times more potent than the d(+) isomers. [Pg.152]

The atropine series contains a number of very closely allied alkaloids of which the chief are atropine, hyoscyamine, and hyoscine (also called scopolamine). They are found in the roots and leaves of many plants of the Solanaceae, notably belladonna (Atropa belladonna), henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), the thorn apple or jimson weed (Datura stramonium), and some members of the Duboisia and Scopolia genera. These plants were used during the Middle Ages as sorcerer s drugs and have been smoked, chewed, or imbibed in the form of decoctions by primitive people for the hallucinations and frenzy they produce (Figure 14.1). [Pg.196]

Note The best-known antimuscarinic or anticholinergic drugs are the belladonna alkaloids. The major drugs in this class are atropine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine. A number of plants belonging to the potato family (Solanaceae) contain similar alkaloids. Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade), Hyoscyamus niger (henbane), Datura stramonium (jimsonweed or thorn apple), and several species of Scopolia also contain belladonna alkaloids. [Pg.203]

The family Solanaceae, made up of more than 2,400 species, is especially noteworthy. Many of its members contain the alkaloids atropine (dl-hyoscyamine) and scopolamine (hyosdne). Atropine shows up in mandrake root, henbane and thorn apple it constitutes just over 4.5 percent of the asthmatic preparation called Asthmador. Schultes and Hofmann claim that there are no reports on the effects of atropine alone "which could explain the addition of belladonna as an ingredient of magic brews in medieval Europe. But Hoffer and Osmond recall several historical incidents that attest to its psychoactivity. One story involved a family of five who in 1963 ate tomato plants that had been grafted onto jimson weed, producing 6.36 mg. of atropine per tomato "All five developed deliroid reactions of varying intensity and some had to be treated in the hospital several days. This seems to be the first known instance of hallucinogenic tomatoes. ... [Pg.479]

Atropinic, e.g. from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and thorn apple (Datura), causing dilated pupils, blurred vision, dry mouth, flushed skin, confusion and delirium. [Pg.161]

Coremans P, Lambrecht G, Schepens P, Vanwelden J, Verhaegen H. Antichohnergic intoxication with commercially available thorn apple tea. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1994 32(5) 589-92. [Pg.3159]

Synonyms Datura species Datura arborea-. Datura cornigera Datura folium Datura suaveo-lens Datura stramonium Angel s trumpet Downy thorn apple Horn-of-plenty Stinkweed Thornapple Black henbane Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Anticholinergic... [Pg.1470]

Jimson weed is a malodorous, fruit-bearing plant with dark green pointed leaves and tubular white flowers. It grows 3-5 ft in height. Jimson weed is native to Asia however, it is also found throughout the United States and elsewhere. Other names for this plant and related species with the same active substance are locoseed, locoweed, devil s trumpet, Tolguacha, apple of Peru, Jamestown weed, devil s apple, thorn apple, stinkweed, hyoscyamine (leaves, roots, seeds) hyoscine (roots). [Pg.2029]

In former times the Indian sorcerers, when they pretended to transport themselves into the presence of their deities, drank the juice of the thorn apple In order to work themselves Into a state of ecstasy. Though the establishment of Christianity has weaned the Indians from their idolatry, yet It had not shed their old superstitions. They still believe that they can hold communication with the spirits of their ancestors, and that they can obtain from them a clue to the treasures concealed In the huacas, or graves hence the Indian name of the thorn-apple—huacacachu, or grave plant. [Pg.161]

Other names Jamestown weed common stramonium thorn apple, apple of Peru devil s apple mad apple stinkwort stinkweed (W.Va.) Jamestown lily (N.C.) white man s plant (by Indians). [Pg.173]

Stramonium. Thorn apple. Datura stramonium. W. I. 1008. Bw. I. 17. Folia. The leaves. [Pg.47]

STRAMONII SEMINA. Thorn apple seeds. Datura stramonium. Semina. The seeds. [Pg.47]

EXTRACT OF THORN APPLE, From fresh thorn apple. [Pg.127]

Take of Thorn apple seeds bruised, two ounces. Diluted alcohol, one pint. [Pg.243]

Common Names Angel s Trumpet, jimsonweed. Thorn Apple Poison Hyoscyamine Dosage 2O-25/2oz(56G) Seeds, 3/.5oz(i4G) Flowers,. 3/.3oz(8G) Root, 3/.5oz(i4G) Leaves... [Pg.51]

Jimson Weed Datura stramonium (Thorn Apple)... [Pg.58]

Poppy (opium) Scullcap Thorn Apple Others Arctotis... [Pg.125]

Datura stramonium Jimson weed, devil s weed, Thorn apple. Contains atropine, hyoscine, hyoscyamine. Stramonium tea and cigarettes used to be used for asthma. Dilated pupils, mania, red skin colour (dilated vessels and no sweating) thirst, tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions. 100-125 seeds lethal. Death uncommon. Datura was apparently used in India by poisoners to remove idiots from positions of high rank. [Pg.677]

Stramonium. Thorn apple Jamestown weed Jimpson weed Jimson weed stinkweed devil s apple apple of Peru. Dried leaves and flowering tops of Do turn stramonium L., Solanaceae. Habit Europs. Asia. America, Con-slit. Leaves 0.25-0.45% alkaloids consisting of atropine,... [Pg.1389]


See other pages where Thorn apple is mentioned: [Pg.426]    [Pg.234]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.388]    [Pg.156]    [Pg.205]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.447]    [Pg.49]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.9]    [Pg.22]    [Pg.95]    [Pg.500]    [Pg.48]    [Pg.556]    [Pg.120]    [Pg.174]    [Pg.255]    [Pg.74]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.668]    [Pg.282]    [Pg.721]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.34 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.385 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.175 , Pg.176 ]




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Thorn

Thorn-apple (Datura stramonium

Weeds thorn apple Datura stramonium

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