Thorium Hydroxide Nitrate Hydrates

Although there has been considerable interest in the soluble hydrolysed species in aqueous thorium nitrate solutions (see, for example, [1 to 6]) few solid hydroxide nitrate compounds have been isolated (Table 18, p. 70) and of these only one has been fully characterized. Thus 

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Crystallographic Data for Thorium Hydroxide Nitrate Hydrates. 

Infrared Data for Thorium Hydroxide Nitrate Hydrates (in cm" ) [2]. s = strong m = medium w = weak vw = very weak sh = shoulder b = broad. 

Thorium tetranitrate hydrates and oxide nitrate hydrates reported to-date are listed in Table 18 with the anhydrous compounds and the presently known peroxide nitrate hydrate and hydroxide nitrate hydrates. The pre-1950 literature is discussed in Thorium 1955,... 

Claudel [2] prepared the hydrated phase Th0(N03)2 2H20 by dissolving hydrated thorium hydroxide in the calculated quantity of 2M nitric acid (Th N03=1 2) and evaporating the resulting solution to dryness. No evidence for the presence of a Th-0 bond was provided and it is possible that the product was a hydroxide nitrate hydrate rather than an oxide nitrate hydrate, or even a mixture of different phases. The water of hydration is reported to be lost between ambient temperature and 120°C on heating at 2°C/min. 

Oxo Ion Salts. Salts of 0x0 ions, eg, nitrate, sulfate, perchlorate, hydroxide, iodate, phosphate, and oxalate, are readily obtained from aqueous solution. Thorium nitrate is readily formed by dissolution of thorium hydroxide in nitric acid from which, depending on the pH of solution, crystalline Th(N02)4 5H20 [33088-17 ] or Th(N02)4 4H20 [33088-16-3] can be obtained (23). Thorium nitrate is very soluble in water and in a host of oxygen-containing organic solvents, including alcohols, ethers, esters, and ketones. Hydrated thorium sulfate, Th(S0 2 H20, where n = 9, 8, 6, or 4, is... 

Other reactions. Borax precipitates most of the common metallic cations, not Aik from neutral solutions, and not from ammines of Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn or Cd in aqueous NH3. Rather concentrated solutions of Ae form bulky white precipitates of AeB204, some hydrated. Many other salts give basic salts of the original anion, e.g., sulfate, or of borates. Thorium(4+) and hot B407 " form a borate. The Cr, Fe and AF ions give their hydroxides. Borax and Hg2(N03)2 yield a basic nitrate, and Hg forms its oxide. Tin(II) yields its hydroxide or dismutates into Sn and Sn, but Bi gives a borate. 

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