Thermal considerations

Temperature Thermal considerations will quickly eliminate many materials. For products operating above 450°F (232°C), ex-... 

In Figure 21.1, for axial flow of fluid, the main division for thermal considerations is between adiabatic and nonadiabatic operation. 

On the basis of heat transfer area and thermal considerations, a comparison of the two methods of feed is ... 

Boule lengths are also likely to increase. More powder may be introduced into the growth chamber, however, thermal considerations become an issue as the boules increase too much in length. Even if the surface is kept at constant distance in the chamber, the distance from the source will vary as the material is depleted and the growth conditions change. 

To provide basic reactive chemicals hazard data, the following thermal considerations and test guidelines have been developed. The descriptions of tests are necessarily brief and incomplete. The owner should, therefore, consult their Reactive Chemicals Testing partner for details of the test, its significance and limitations, and for a detailed interpretation of the test results. 

In some countries, e.g. the United Kingdom, terminal compartments in d have been installed in front of the d -enclosure. Notwithstanding this separate terminal compartment, the requirements for this cable entry technique are identical with those for direct cable entries. For these d -terminal compartments, the same thermal considerations are valid as for e -terminals, given in Section 6.7.2. The cable entry point is shifted away from the main enclosure with all its thermal losses inside, the terminal compartment inserted hereby acts as an additional cooling surface. ... 

Thermal Considerations. The lightning leader stroke has a narrow cone which is surrounded by much larger corona. The return stroke current is concentrated in this central cone which is about 1-2 centimeters diameter and a maximum temperature... 

These results seem to be fully satisfactory, both the equations of the first and second moments agree with the classical results, and the eventual equilibrium agrees with thermal considerations. However, the form (26) is not acceptable, as we can see from the following considerations [Hakim 1985 Ambegaokar 1991 Munro 1996], For a summary of the situation see Ref. [Stenholm 1994], In the case of the harmonic oscillator, we introduce the customary annihilation and creation operators by setting... 

Thermal considerations are paramount for ATFs. A great deal of friction is produced, which generates heat and high-temperature spikes at the torque converter this will damage the fluid. ATF is designed to operate at temperatures around 95°C. At the torque converter, under extreme conditions, temperatures can reach 120°C. A transmission fluid should be designed to handle these temperature extremes. The transmission fluid will quickly break down above 120°C. Temperature spikes in the torque converter have been known to go above 120°C. 

The results shown in fig. 55a pertain to situations in which account was taken of the fact that constraints are commonly imposed on the overall diameter and length, as well as on the rotor inertia, while Q will ultimately be limited by thermal considerations. Region 1 corresponds to a maximum length limit. In this case a... 

When thermowells are installed, in a vertical position in piping and equipment, various substances are used to increase the heat transmission and temperature response — one is mercury (see Figure 7-89c). Although mercury is probably the best substance from a thermal consideration, it must not be used when the process operating temperature approaches its boiling point (375°C or 674°F). Both the thermowell and bulb should be made of steel or ferrous alloy. A brass thermowell or bulb immersed in mercury would be destroyed by amalgamation. 

From strictly thermal considerations, only a finite number of the Earth maps would be habitable because regions far from the sun would be too cold. There might exist distant sections made habitable by other orbiting stars, but these would have no effect on the history of our map or its near neighbors. 

C. Onesippe, N. Passe-coutrin, F. Toro, S. Delvasto, K. Bilba, and M. Arsene, Composites Part A Sugar cane bagasse fibres reinforced cement composites Thermal considerations, Compos. Part A 41(4), 549-556(2010). 

Another thermal consideration concerns warp temperature, the temperature at which a material begins to distort. A test for it can be performed either on the product itself or test specimens. It is somewhat subjective, since the definition of failure with this test usually varies for each application. However, the test can be useful, since it attempts to duplicate actual conditions of use. In a warp test it is important to note not only the... 

Thermal considerations will eliminate many materials. Examples for products operating above 450°F (232°C) include the silicones, fluoro-plastics, polyirnides, hydrocarbon resins, methylpentene cold mold, or glass-bonded mica plastics may be required. A few of the organic plastic-bonded inorganic fibers such as bonded ceramic wool, perform well in this field. Epoxy, diallyl phthalate, and phenolic-bonded glass fibers may be satisfactory in the 450 to 550°F (232 to 288°C) ranges. A limited group of ablation material is made for outer space reentry use. 

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