Therapeutic Approaches to Disease

Table 4. Cytokine and Cytokine-Related Therapeutic Approaches to Disease ...

Cytokines, eg, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and certain growth factors, could have antitumor activity directiy, or may modulate cellular mechanisms of antitumor activity (2). Cytokines may be used to influence the proliferation and differentiation of T-ceUs, B-ceUs, macrophage—monocyte, myeloid, or other hematopoietic cells. Alternatively, the induction of interferon release may represent an important approach for synthetic—medicinal chemistry, to search for effective antiinflammatory and antifibrotic agents. Inducers of interferon release may also be useful for lepromatous leprosy and chronic granulomatous disease. The potential cytokine and cytokine-related therapeutic approaches to treatment of disease are summarized in Table 4. A combination of cytokines is a feasible modaUty for treatment of immunologically related diseases however, there are dangers inherent in such an approach, as shown by the induction of lethal disserninated intravascular coagulation in mice adrninistered TNF-a and IFN-y. 

RODAN G A and MARTIN T I (2000) Therapeutic approaches to bone diseases, Science 289, 1508-14. 

Therapeutic Approach to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (Continued)... 

Yusuf-Makagiansar H, Anderson ME, Yakovleva TV, et al. Inhibition of LFA-1/ ICAM-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 as a therapeutic approach to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Med Res Rev 2002 22 146-67. 

Yet additional therapeutic approaches to AIDS, based upon antisense technology, will be discussed later in this chapter. The use of gene therapy to combat this disease has now become firmly established as an approach worthy of significant future research. 

McCeer PL, Rogers J Antiinflammatory agents as a therapeutic approach to Alzheimer s disease. Neurology 42 447-448, 1992 McCeer PL, McCeer EG, Rogers J, et al Antiinflammatory drugs and Alzheimer s disease. Lancet 335 1037, 1990... 

In traditional medicine there are two major therapeutic approaches to the treatment of human disease surgical and medical. Surgical procedures are labour intensive and time demanding they help a limited number of individuals, one at a time, mostly in rich or developed nations. Medical therapy, on the other hand, is based on drug molecules and thus has the capacity to positively influence the lives of more people, often over a shorter time frame. Medical therapeutics offer hope in both developed and developing parts of the world—hopefully to rich and poor alike. 

E. E. Cohen, J. W. Kelly (2003). Therapeutic approaches to protein-misfolding diseases. Nature 426 905-908. 

Farm animals being managed under intensive systems are very susceptible to disease outbreaks since they are usually of the same age, often very immature, and are in constant contact with their feces. Epidemiological studies have shown that the introduction of a highly infectious disease into a large population of animals kept in the same pen will ultimately result in a large proportion of these animals becoming infected (9). The reasonable therapeutic approach to this prob-... 

FIGURE 12-38. Another current therapeutic approach to preventing the neuronal destruction in Alzheimer s disease is also based on the molecular neurobiology of beta amyloid formation but emphasizes the involvement of APO-E binding protein in this process. If the synthesis of good APO-E could be ensured or the synthesis of bad APO-E prevented, possibly amyloid would not accumulate in the neuron. Changing the deposition of beta amyloid would hopefully prevent the progressive course of Alzheimer s disease. 

Hays S. J. (1998). Therapeutic approaches to the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. Curr. Pharm. Des. 4 335-348. 

Hooper NM, Turner AJ (2002) The search for alpha-secretase and its potential as a therapeutic approach to Alzheimer s disease. Curr Med Chem 9 1107-1119... 

Selectin-dependent adhesion inhibitors offer a new therapeutical approach to the prevention of transplant rejection. They should also enable treatment and prophylaxis of various other pathological inflammation processes and diseases (i.e. rheumatic arthritis, dermatitis and bacterial meningitis) initiated by a massive invasion of leucocytes [1,7]. 

Klaidman, L.K., Adams, J.D., Jr., Cross, R., Pazdemik, T.L., Samson, F. (2003). Alterations in brain glutathione homeostasis induced by the nerve gas soman. Neurotox. Res. 5 177-82. Klegeris, A., McGeer, E.G., McGeer, P.L. (2007). Therapeutic approaches to inflammation in neurodegenerative disease. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 20 351-7. 

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