Theophylline drug monitoring

TCAs THEOPHYLLINE Possible T plasma concentrations of theophylline Inhibition of CYP1A2- and CYP2D6-mediated metabolism of theophylline. The clinical significance of this depends upon whether theophylline s alternative pathways of metabolism are also inhibited by co administered drugs Warn patients to report t side-effects of theophylline, and monitor PR and ECG carefully... 

Theophylline, 1011 in sport, 98 (metabolite), 421 quantification in plasma, 26 therapeutic drug monitoring, 110 Theophylline, anhydrous, 1011 Theophylline cholinate, 1011 Theophylline ethylenediamine compound, 1011 Theophylline hydrate, 1011 Theophylline monoethanolamine, 1011 Theophylline monohydrate, 1011 Theophylline olamine, 1011 Theophylline sodium aminoacetate, 1011 Theophylline sodium glycinate, 1011 Theophylline-7-acetic acid, 310 Theophylline-aminoisobutanol, 408 Theospan, 1011 Theovent, 1011 Thephorin, 880 Theralax, 397 Theralene, 1046 Therapav, 848... 

Therapeutic drug monitoring Theophylline cyclosporin levels following transplants... 

Wing, D.S. Duff, H.J. Evaluation of therapeutic drug monitoring program for theophylline in a teaching hospital. 57. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 1987, 21, 702-706. 

The usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring has been demonstrated for some drugs (e.g., some antibiotics, cardiovascular agents and antiepileptics, theophylline, in-munosupressants, litium, methotrexate),and these are the drugs that are included in clinical pharmacokinetic programs in Spanish hospital pharmacy units. The be-... 

Perhaps the best laboratory test to compare with pharmacogenetic testing is a drug blood level, technically called therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which could be considered a phenotypic test of metabolic enzymes [97]. Almost no studies of TDM cost effectiveness exist [98], except for some studies of antibiotics. However, TDM appears to be standard clinical practice (medical insurers routinely reimburse for it) for classic anticonvulsants, theophylline, digoxin, immunosuppressants, and some psychiatric drugs [98]. 

Edwards DJ, Zarowitz BJ, Slaughter RL. Theophylline In Evans E, Schen-tag JJ, Jusko WJ, eds. Applied Pharmacokinetics Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Vancouver, WA, Applied Therapeutics, 1992. 

Bronchodilators Theophylline Therapeutic drug monitoring recommended may require theophylline dose increase. 

FIGURE 10.3 Effect of concomitantly administered mexiletine (Mx 200 mg Q8h) on the clearance of theophyUine (mean SD, p < 0.05) as determined by a retrospective analysis of theophylline pharmacokinetic data in 348 patients obtained from rontinely performed therapeutic drug monitoring. (Modified from Meibohm and Wegener. )... 

Ellis, E. and Hendeles, L., Theophylline, in A Textbook for the Clinical Application of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Taylor, W. J. and Diers Caviness, M. H., Eds., Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostics Division, Irving, TX, 1986, 185-201. 

The nurse can give some of these drug (for example, aminophylline or theophylline) IV, either direct IV or as an IV infusion. When giving theophylline or aminophylline IV, the nurse monitors die patient for hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia. If a bronchodilator is given IV, the nurse administers it through an infusion pump. The nurse checks die IV infusion site at frequent intervals because these patients may be extremely restless, and extravasation can occur. 

Use of zileuton is uncommon due to the need for dosing four times a day, potential drug interactions, and the potential for hepatotoxicity with the resulting need for frequent monitoring of liver enzymes. In patients started on zileuton, serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations should be monitored before treatment begins, monthly for the first 3 months, every 2 to 3 months for the remainder of the first year, and then periodically thereafter for as long as the patient continues to receive the medication. Zileuton also inhibits the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) mixed function enzyme system and has been shown to decrease the clearance of theophylline, R-warfarin and propranolol.34... 

---