The Need for Labeling

The preamble to the Cemcer Policy proposal sets forth OSHA s reasons including provisions for signs and labels in health standards as follows  

OSHA believes that it is important and indeed section 6(b)(7) of the Act requires, that appropriate forms of warning, as necessary, be used to apprise employees of the hazards to which they are exposed in the course of their employment. OSHA believes, as a matter of policy, that employees should be given the opportunity to make informed decisions as to whether to work at a job under the particular working conditions extant. Furthermore, OSHA believes that when the control of potential safety and health problems involves the cooperation of employees, the success of such a program is highly dependent upon the employee s understanding of the hazards attendant to that job. 

OSHA believes that the general requirement to label containers constitutes responsible industry practice. For this reason OSHA is presently in the process of promulgating a generic labeling standard. 

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An advantage over glass is that relatively small quantities of containers can be printed economically, which obviates the need for labelling. However, in order to effect a true cost comparison, differences in production line speeds must be considered as well as basic container prices. 

Since a Pz transducer is basically a mass balance, it can be used to directly detect an immunoreaction by mass alone. This eliminates the need for labelling or the use of a secondary antibody to generate a response, as required by most other immunosensor formats. 

SPR-based biosensors can measure the interactions of biomolecules directly without the need for labeling. This feature has allowed these analytical instruments to become essential tools for characterizing molecular interactions. The ability to directly measure interactions in real time allows us to quantitatively determine kinetic parameters, thermodynamics, and concentration, or qualitatively characterize relationships between ligands and analytes. Due to the fast response and high sensitivity of SPR-based biosensors compared... 

Although this method makes any washing steps superfluous, it is difficult to apply it in vivo because of the need for labelled antigens. Vo-Dinh and co-worker have described a portable fiber-optic monitor for use in combination with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [86] and a fiber-optic immunosensor for benzo[a]pyrene [101]. 

An additional more complex type of static magnetic interaction is experienced by nuclei which have a spin quantum number greater than one half. Far from ruling out the studies of such species, application of quadrupolar techniques has added a new dimension to the characterisation of polymers. This is because the quadrupolar interaction is remarkably sensitive to order, orientation and local motion. With the necessary synthetic skills quadrupolar atoms such as deuterium can be inserted into a polymer at a chosen segmental site and can then be persuaded to report on their surroundings. The spectrometer is tuned to the specific nuclear frequency and the data are collected without unwanted responses from the rest of the sample. It is only the need for labelling that has restricted the more routine use of deuterium NMR for the study of polymers. Despite this, it has developed into an uniquely powerful research tool. 

Has the design Included the need for labeling including equipment apparatus numbers, identity, content, direction of flow, and others ... 

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