TH gene

Dopamine synthesis and turnover. Rather than disrupting the specification of presumptive dopamine neurones per se, an alternative strategy is to knockout key components of the cellular synthesis of dopamine production or turnover. As the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis is TH, TH knockouts offer an obvious strategy. However, deletion of the TH gene effects adrenergic, including sympathetic as well as... 

These data suggest that interference of plant-derived cannabinoids with the sequence of events in which the expression of TH gene is involved during brain development might contribute to the abnormal pre- and postnatal development of TH-containing neurons themselves and/or of the different neurons with which they make contact (Walters and Carr 1988 Ferndndez-Ruiz et al. 1992,1994,1996). 

Figure 9 The CRE (cAMP response element) is involved in the activation of TH gene expression by hypoxia. PC12 cells were transfected with either a construct that consists of the wild-type —272 CRE [TH(wt)CAT] or a mutant —272 CRE [TH(mCRE)CAT] reporter gene construct. Cells were then exposed to normoxia (21% O2, open bars), or hypoxia (5% O2, closed bars) for 24 hr. CAT levels were analyzed by ELISA.

II. Regulation of TH Gene Expression by Hypoxia in Catecholaminergic Cells... 

Long-term hypoxia increases TH protein content in the adrenal medulla, implying that regulation takes place at the level of gene expression (8,9) this induction, however, requires neural input to the adrenal medulla cells. There is also evidence that hypoxia may affect TH gene expression, protein synthesis, and catecholamine release in the brainstem. For example, long-term hypoxia increases TH protein content in the ventrolateral medulla, in the caudal region of the... 

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