Textile glass fibers

Figure 3 Dependence of tensile-strength on test length, flax fibers [70], and pineapple fibers [88] compared with textile glass-fibers [8].

Glass fiber insulation (30%) is the primary use of borates. Other uses include textile glass fiber (18%), soaps, detergents, and bleaches (10%), glass (10%), agriculture (7%), and flame retardants (6%). 

Film formers in paints, inks, coatings, paper coatings, textile sizing, nonwoven textiles, glass fiber binders... 

Tjrom the successful attempts in the second half of the 19th century to produce artificial fibers (I), a huge man-made fiber industry has been created. It only requires a cursory visit to a department store to appreciate the large amount of man-made fibers used currently in apparel and in home furnishings. This is also borne out by the available statistics (Table I). The data presented in this table (2) indicate that for consumer end uses the trend in the United States is for cotton and wool to be replaced by man-made fibers. By 1974 appreciably more noncellulosic man-made fibers and textile glass fibers were being used than cotton. 

Noncellulosic Man-Made Fibersb and Textile Glass Fibers Apparel... 

Fig. 12.28. Flow diagram for manufacture of textile glass fiber (1) glass batch (2) batch cans (3) marble forming (4) cullet cans (5) marbles (6) melting furnaces (7) filament yarn formation (8) gathering and sizing (9) yarn packaging (10) air jets (11) lubricant spray (12) collection for staple fibers (13) staple fiber packaging. (Courtesy Owens-Coming Fiberglass Corp.)...

In special tank furnaces, e.g. for the manufacture of textile glass fibers, metal regenerators have been successful for heat recuperation. The regular reversal of the gas direction is then not necessary, simplifying temperature control over that with regenerative heat recuperation. 

Since it became known in the USA in the I940 s that plastics could be reinforced by glass I ibers, they have developed into an important product group. These are known as textile glass fibers to distinguish them from insulating glass fibers. 

The composition of the different types of textile glass fibers are given in Table 5.2-8. E-glass fiber is by far the most important textile glass fiber. 

Textile glass fibers with diameters with diameters from less than 10 to c i. gm exhibit high strength and stability. They are manufactured in different compositions, By far the most important of the.sc is E-gla,s,s, an alkali-deficient Ca/Al/B-silicate, used for the reinforcement of plastics... 

Textile glass fibers are produced from silicate melts with sufficient fiber drawing potential. The viscosity increase upon cooling ensures that the molten filament cools to a fiber... 

Mineral fibers for the production of insulating materials are named after their. starting materials as glass or rock fibers and as refractory ceramic fibers. The names mineral, glass or rock wool are usually used, since they, in contrast to textile glass fibers, are produced as short, randomly oriented fibers. The end products are therefore known as mineral wool insulation materials. 

Mineral fibers are manufactured from silicate melts of appropriate composition. These melts are converted into fibers with considerably more efficient use of time and space than in the manufacture of textile glass fibers, since the melts are spun at much lower melt viscosities. After solidification the fibers consist of amorphous glasses (according to X-ray diffraction measurements) with... 

Chemical Economics Handbook. 3/1995 and 1/1996. Stanford Research Institute, Textile Glass Fibers USA 542.8000A-R and Glass. 232.10000-T. 

Manmade Organic Fibers, Except Cellulosic—Cont. lonitrile, ethylenes, amides, and related polymeric materials), in the form of monofilament, yam, staple, or tow suitable for further manufacturing on spindles, looms, knitting machines, or other textile processing equipment. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile glass fibers are classified in Industry 3229. 

Softion. [TohoChem. Industry] Imidazolines softeners for textiles, glass fibers. 

Vlnnapas . [Wacker Chemie GmbH] Vinyl acetate, VAE, or styiene/acrylic copolymers binder ftv textiles, glass fiber, paints, ptqper coatings, rmal insulation systems adhesive for floex-b%, walls, foam, tiles. 

UP-G-G Prepreg from unsaturated polyesters and textile glass fibers... 

Uses Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent, thickener, solubilizer, dispersant, softener, lubricant, antistat, dye assistant, penetrant for cosmetics, textiles, glass fiber, metal treatment... 

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