Temperature flow properties dependence

The active layer depth and bed flow properties depend on the coefficient of restitution of the material. The flow properties of interest include granular temperature, which is a measure of kinetic energy in random motion of particles, and dilation. Granular temperature was found to be high at regions of low concentration with high mean velocity. These experiments also characterize the shape of the active layer to... 

XI.1.1 The low-temperature flow properties of a waxy fuel oil depend on handling and ston conditions. Thus, they may not be truly indicated by pour point. The pour point test does not indicate what haqppens when an oil has a considerable head of pressure behind it, such as when gravitating from a storage tank or being pumped along a pipeline. Failure to flow at the pour point is normally attributed to the separation of wax from the fuel however, it can also be due to the effect of viscosity in the case of very viscous fuel oils. In addition pour points of residual fuels are influenced by the previous thermal history of the specimens. A loosely knit wax structure built up on cooling of Ae oil can be normally broken by the application of relatively little pressure. 

Metals Successful applications of metals in high-temperature process service depend on an appreciation of certain engineering factors. The important alloys for service up to I,I00°C (2,000°F) are shown in Table 28-35. Among the most important properties are creep, rupture, and short-time strengths (see Figs. 28-23 and 28-24). Creep relates initially applied stress to rate of plastic flow. Stress... 

The flow behavior of the polymer blends is quite complex, influenced by the equilibrium thermodynamic, dynamics of phase separation, morphology, and flow geometry [2]. The flow properties of a two phase blend of incompatible polymers are determined by the properties of the component, that is the continuous phase while adding a low-viscosity component to a high-viscosity component melt. As long as the latter forms a continuous phase, the viscosity of the blend remains high. As soon as the phase inversion [2] occurs, the viscosity of the blend falls sharply, even with a relatively low content of low-viscosity component. Therefore, the S-shaped concentration dependence of the viscosity of blend of incompatible polymers is an indication of phase inversion. The temperature dependence of the viscosity of blends is determined by the viscous flow of the dispersion medium, which is affected by the presence of a second component. 

Retention time is the basic measure used in GC to identify compounds. It is a physical property of the analyte and is dependant on the separation conditions such as temperature, flow rate and chemical composition of the stationary phase. Solubility of the analyte in the stationary phase, which is based on the energy of intermolecular interactions between the analyte and stationary phase, is the most important factor in determining retention time. In Fig. 14.1, the retention... 

Since initiation of the decomposition is dependent on the heat flux supplied by the high-temperature gas flow, the ignition process is dependent on the various gas-flow parameters, such as temperature, flow velocity, pressure, and the physicochemical properties of the gas. 

Plastisol properties depend on a number of factors, the most important among which are the nature of the polymer (PVC), the identity of plasticizer and other additives, the composition of formulations, the conditions of preparation and storage, the load-velocity (first of all, stress and shear rate), and temperature conditions of processing. Depending on these parameters, the character of plastisol flow may vary widely. That is why, in spite of a number of papers devoted to the study of the rheological (viscous) properties of plastisols (e.g. 2,5 37,38)), these still can not be considered as well studied and widely accepted. 

Mandelkern et al. (1968) have proved that the WLF formulation, which has had an outstanding success in explaining the segmental mobility and flow properties of completely amorphous polymers, is not applicable to the transport process involved in the growth of spherulites in melts of semi-crystalline polymers. Rather, a temperature-independent energy of activation, specific to a given polymer and dependent on its glass temperature, suffices to explain the experimental data now available. Mandelkern s equation reads ... 

The necessary preheating and mold heating temperatures and mold pressure may vary considerably depending upon the thermal and rheological (refers to the deformation and flow properties of the plastic) properties of the plastic (Chapter 1). For a typical compression molding... 

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