Technical biology

Technical, Biological, and Economical Limits for Assay Miniaturization in High-Density Plates... 

Roelofsen, P.A. Laboratory of General and Technical Biology, Technical University, Delft, The Netherlands (8, 225)... 

Most vectors optimized for a certain disease target will consist of multiple components, each fulfilling some necessary technical, biological, or therapeutic need. As the different elements will probably be perfected (and patented) by different companies, the introduction of the optimal multicomponent vector may be difficult because of intellectual property rights and commercial obstacles. 

Toxins are poisons produced by living organisms which are then extracted or copied to produce militarily useful quantities. Naturally occurring toxins are technically biological weapons but are included here because they are in reality chemical weapons and are applied as chemicals rather than as living organisms such as germs, spiders, or vipers. 

D. 0rstavik, Materials used for root canal obturation technical, biological and clinical testing, Endod. Topics 12 (2005) 25-38. 

Great progress was achieved in the past decades regarding the development of mammalian cell culture technology [2,34,98-102]. Nevertheless, the design and layout of cultivation systems and bioreactors have to meet cell-specific demands due to the special characteristics of these cells. Selection of a suitable type of cell culture bioreactor system and/or an appropriate operation mode (batch, fed-batch, or perfusion) is affected by technical, biological, economical, and regulatory considerations. 

Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section II Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany... 

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