Glidants, tablet

Colloidal silicon dioxide Tablet glidant Polysorbate 80 Surfactant... 

Tablet glidant Agent used in tablet and capsule formulations to improve flow properties of powder mixture Colloidal silica, corn starch, talc...

Excipients are sub-divided into various functional classifications, depending on the role that they are intended to play in the resultant formulation, for example, fillers, disintegrants, binders, lubricants and glidants. An added complexity is the fact that certain excipients can have different functional roles in different formulation types. Thus, lactose is widely used as a filler or diluent in solid oral dosage forms, for example, tablets and capsules [2] and as a carrier for inhalation products [3]. 

To motivate the response surface approach, suppose that there is some response of interest (for example, crushing strength in the tablet formulation example of Section 2.1.1), and a set of quantitative, continuous design variables that are of interest to the researcher (for example, the quantities of glidant, lactose, and disintegrant for the tablet formulation example). One possible objective for the researcher might be to understand and describe the relationship between the design variables and the response. This relationship can be described mathematically by... 

Like lubricants, glidants are fine powders and may be required for tablet compression at high production speeds to improve the flow properties of the material into the die or during initial compression stages. They are added in the dry state immediately prior to compression and, by virtue of their low adhesive potential, reduce the friction between particles. Colloidal silica is popular, as are starches and talc. 

There are three types of lubricants employed in solid dosage form manufacture. The first class of lubricant is the glidant. The flow properties of a powder can be enhanced by the inclusion of a glidant. These are added to overcome powder cohesiveness. The two other classes of lubricant are antiadherent excipients, which reduce the friction between the tablet punch faces and tablet punches, and die wall lubricant excipients, which reduce the friction between the tablet surface and the die wall during and after compaction to enable easy ejection of the tablet. The level of a lubricant required in a tablet is formulation dependent and can be optimized using an instrumented tableting machine. 

Commonly used lubricants are listed in Table 5. Talc is traditionally one of the most commonly used glidants, having the additional benefit of being an excellent antiadherent. The level of talc that can be added to a formulation is restricted by its hydrophobic nature, too high levels resulting in decreased wetting of the tablet and a subsequent reduction in the rate of dissolution. Fumed silicon dioxides are... 

Talc —OH Anticaking agent, glidant, tablet and capsule diluent, and lubricant... 

Ohta, K.M. Fuji, M. Takei, T. Chikazawa, M. Effect of geometric structure and surface wettability of glidant on tablet hardness. Int. J. Pharm. 2003, 262, 75-82. 

Table 4 List of commonly used lubricants and glidants in tableting ...

Glidants are usually not necessary. Free-flowing granulates, ingredients of appropriate physical form for direct compression, and the large tablet diameters make it possible to exclude the use of glidants. 

For tablets and capsules, excipients are needed both for the facilitation of the tableting and capsule-filling process (e.g., glidants) and for the formulation (e.g., disintegrants). Except for diluents, which may be present in large quantity, the level of excipient use is usually limited to only a few percent and some lubricants will be required at <1%. Details of the types, uses, and mechanisms of action of various excipients for tablet and capsule production have been discussed at length in other articles in this encyclopedia. The types and functions of excipients for tablet production are summarized in Table 1. Although binders. 

Glidants To improve the flow of granules from the hopper to the die cavity to ensure uniform fill for each tablet Fine silica, magnesium stearate, purified talc... 

Cadila Laboratories Ltd. of Ahmedabad, India have developed an expert system for the formulation of tablets for active ingredients based on their physical, chemical, and biological properties. The system first identifies the desirable properties in the excipients for optimum compatibility with the active ingredient and then selects those that have the required properties based on the assumption that all tablet formulations comprise at least one binder, one disintegrant, and one lubricant. Other excipients such as diluents (fillers) or glidants are then added as required. 

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