Systems Chemistry emerging area

The first tellurium system to be represented was the 1,2-ditellurole (2), reported in 1977 by Meinwald et al. (77JA255). Thus, the tellurium systems represent an emerging area of heterocyclic chemistry. 

Activity in this area of S-N chemistry has been stimulated by the theoretical prediction that polymers of the type (RCNSN)x will have conducting properties similar to those of (SN)j. Consequently, there have been extensive investigations of C-S-N heterocycles as potential precursors for such polymers. In addition, a new area of radical chemistry based on RCN2S2 (dithiadiazolyl) systems has emerged. These heterocycles and their selenium analogs exhibit considerable potential for the development of onedimensional metals. 

Supramolecular chemistry thus has a direct relationship with the highly active area of combinatorial chemistry, however in a very specific fashion. Indeed, reversibility being a basic and crucial feature of supramolecular systems, the dynamic generation of supramolecular diversity from the reversible combination of noncovalently linked building blocks falls within the realm of the emerging area of dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) which involves dynamic combinatorial libraries, of either virtual (VCL) or real nature depending on the system and the conditions [45,46], The concepts and perspectives of the DCCA CL approach have been outlined, inter alia with respect to supramolecular polymers [45],... 

Soft and Biological Matter is a series of authoritative books covering established and emergent areas in the realm of soft matter science, including biological systems spanning from the molecular to the mesoscale. It aims to serve a broad interdisciplinary community of students and researchers in physics, chemistry, biophysics and materials science. 

At present, the chemisty of selenophenes and tellurophenes is a relatively scantily studied area. Nevertheless, a number of new valuable contributions dealing with their chemistry have emerged. Electrophilic cyclization of l-(l-alkynyl)-2-(methylseleno)arenes provides a route to a variety of 2,3-disubstituted benzo[fe]selenophenes, as illustrated by the preparation of the system 88. Other useful electrophiles for similar reactions are E or NBS <06JOC2307>. Similar chemistry has also been employed in preparation of 2,3-disubstituted benzo[f>]selenophenes on solid phase <06JCC163>. In addition, syntheses of 2,3-dihydroselenolo[2,3- >]pyridines have been achieved using radical chemistry <06OBC466>. 

Thus the study of surfaces has emerged as an important focus in the chemical sciences, and the relationship between surfaces of small systems and their performance has emerged as a major technological issue. Flow in microfluidic systems—for example, in micromechanical systems with potential problems of stiction (sticking and adhesion) and for chemistry on gene chips—depends on the properties of system surfaces. Complex heterogeneous phases with high surface areas—suspensions of colloids and liquid crystals—have developed substantial... 

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