Homogeneous catalysis synthesis

Trost, B.M. (1995) Atom Economy. A Challenge for Organic Synthesis - Homogeneous Catalysis Leads the Way. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 34, 259-281. 

Trost, B. M., Atom Economy—A Challenge for Organic Synthesis Homogeneous Catalysis Leads the Way. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 259 Trost, B. M., The Atom Economy—A Search for Synthetic Efficiency. Science 1991, 254,1471. 

Trost BM (1995) Atom economy—challenge for organic synthesis homogeneous catalysis leads the w ay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 34 259-281... 

From their genesis, polypyrazolylborates have found applications in many areas of chemistry such as the modeling of active sites of met-alloenzymes, perspective materials, organic synthesis, homogenous catalysis, or as spectator ligands in the development of reactive metal centers. A number of miscellaneous items will also be discussed in this chapter. 

Keywords Heterobimetallic catalysts, Lanthanoid complexes, Asymmetric synthesis, Homogenous catalysis... 

CaRLa (Catalysis Research Laboratory), Heidelberg, Germany BASF SE, Synthesis Homogeneous Catalysis, Ludwigshafen, Germany Corresponding author e-mail address michael.limbach( basf.com... 

Trost BM. Atom economy—a challenge for organic synthesis homogeneous catalysis leads the way. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1995 34 259-281. 

Cornils B (1999) Modern Solvent Systems in Industrial Homogeneous Catalysis.206 133-152 Crooks RM, Lemon III BI, Yeung LK, Zhao M (2001) Dendrimer-Encapsulated Metals and Semiconductors Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. 212 81 -135 Croteau R, see Davis EM (2000) 209 53 - 95 CurranDP, see Maul JJ (1999) 206 79-105... 

Much of the recent interest in insertion reactions undeniably stems from the emphasis placed on development of homogeneous catalysis as a rational discipline. One or more insertion is involved in such catalytic processes as the hydroformylation (31) or the polymerization of olefins 26, 75) and isocyanides 244). In addition, many insertion reactions have been successfully employed in organic and organometallic synthesis. The research in this general area has helped systematize a large body of previously unrelated facts and opened new areas of chemistry for investigation. Heck 114) and Lappert and Prokai 161) provide a comprehensive compilation and a systematic discussion of a wide variety of insertion reactions in two relatively recent (1965 and 1967) reviews. 

Such a broad range of classical elementary reactions of homogeneous catalysis with metal complexes, that can be facilitated by photons, make illumination of reaction solution a very useful instrument for substantial increase of the possibilities of homogeneous metal complex catalysis in organic synthesis. Particular examples of light-assisted syntheses will be given in section 3. 

Table 3.12 surveys current industrial applications of enantioselective homogeneous catalysis in fine chemicals production. Most chiral catalyst in Table 3.12 have chiral phosphine ligands (see Fig. 3.54). The DIP AMP ligand, which is used in the production of L-Dopa, one of the first chiral syntheses, possesses phosphorus chirality, (see also Section 4.5.8.1) A number of commercial processes use the BINAP ligand, which has axial chirality. The PNNP ligand, on the other hand, has its chirality centred on the a-phenethyl groups two atoms removed from the phosphorus atoms, which bind to the rhodium ion. Nevertheless, good enantio.selectivity is obtained with this catalyst in the synthesis of L-phenylalanine. 

Gan, K.-S. Hor, T. S. A. l,l -Bis(diphenylphosphine) ferrocene. Coordination chemistry, organic synthesis, and catalysis. VCH Weinheim, Germany. In Ferrocenes-Homogeneous Catalysis, Organic Synthesis, Materials Science, Togni, A., Hayashi, T., Eds., 1995, p 3. 

Corma, A. and Garcia, H. (2006) Silica-bound homogenous catalysts as recoverable and reusable catalysts in organic synthesis. Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 348 (12-13), 1391-1412. 

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