Syngas ceramic

Chen CM, Bennett DL, Carolan MF, Foster EP, Schinski WL, Taylor DM. ITM syngas ceramic membrane technology for synthesis gas production. In Bao X, Xu Y, editors. Proceedings of the 7th natural gas conversion symposium, June 6—10, Dalian, China. Studies in surface science and catalysis. Natural gas conversion VII, vol. 147. Amsterdam Elsevier 2004. p. 55. 

J. Repasky et at., ITM Syngas Ceramic Membrane Technology for Lower Cost Conversion of Natural Gas, AIChE Spring National Meeting San Antonio TX, 21-25 March, 2010. 

Balachandran, U. et al., Dense ceramic membranes for partial oxidation of methane to syngas, Appl. Catal, 133, 19, 1995. 

In FBs, tars are generated, but these can be partially decomposed to gas using in situ catalysts such as dolomite70 and treated olivine sand.46 The tars can further be cracked or reformed downstream in separate beds yielding additional syngas, and thus, hydrogen (see Section 6.3.4). A new development is the combination of ceramic gas filtration and catalytic tar cracking see Heidenreich and Nacken.71... 

P.N. Dyer, C.M. Chen, Engineering development of ceramic membrane reactor system for converting natural gas to H2 and syngas for liquid transportation fuel, Proceedings of the 2000 Hydrogen Program Review, DOE, 2000... 

Figure 13.21 Use of ion-conducting ceramic membranes in a membrane reactor to produce (a) syngas (CO + H2) and (b) ethylene...

A separate Oxygen Transport Membrane (OTM) Syngas Alliance was formed in 1997 and includes Amoco Production Company, British Petroleum, Praxair, Statoil, Foster Wheeler and Sasol Technology. This alliance is developing ceramic membrane technology that will economically convert natural gas to synthesis gas190. 

The synthesis gas leaving the gasifier contains entrained particles of char and ash. Particulate removal is performed using cyclone separators and ceramic candle type hot gas filters. The coal gas is primarily comprised of H2, CO, C02, and H20. Since there is less than 0.1 mol% CH, reforming of the syngas is not necessary. However, in order to maximize hydrogen production, shift reactors will be needed to convert the carbon monoxide to hydrogen. 

The ITM Syngas process involves the direct conversion of methane to synthesis gas (see Fig. 22.7). The process utilizes a mixed, conducting ceramic membrane and partial oxidation to produce the synthesis gas.40 The goal of this advanced reformer technology is to reduce the cost of hydrogen production by over 25 percent.59,79... 

Steele B C H etal., 2000a, Ceramic ion conductors for fuel cells, oxygen separation and syngas production. Ceramics Getting into the 2000 s, Pt D, CIMTEC. 

FIGURE 6.32 Schematic diagram of an integrated distributor/extractor membrane reactor based on the combination of dense ceramic oxygen and hydrogen transport membrane for syngas production. 

The cooled syngas is filtered using ceramic filters. About 50% of the cooled syngas is then recycled to the top of the gasifier to act as the quenching medium for the gas. The remainder is washed to remove halides and NH3 and then sent to the downstream AGR system. 

The mixed-conducting perovskite oxides have attracted particular interest for use as dense ceramic membrane to control partial oxidation of methane to C2 products or syngas. Such a process bypasses the use of costly oxygen since air can be used as oxidant on the oxygen-rich of the membrane. 

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