Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy

Wakeham [14] has discussed the application of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy to the characterization of indigenous and petroleum derived hydrocarbons in lacustrine sediments. The author reports a comparison, using standard oils, of conventional fluorescence emission spectra and spectra produced by synchronously scanning both excitation and emission monochromators. 

Figure 18-21 Excitation and emission spectra of anthracene have the same mirror image relation as the absorption and emission spectra in Figure 18-16. An excitation spectrum is nearly the same as an absorption spectrum. [C. M. Byron and T. C. Wemer. Experiments in Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy lor the Undergraduate Instrumental Chemistry Course"...

Experiments in Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Undergraduate Instrumental Chemistry Course," J. Chem. Ed. 1991,68,433.]... 

More detailed information about the fluorescence behavior of DOM can be reached by fractionation of the DOM before characterization. Studies from Chen et al. (2003) showed that the polyphenolic-rich DOM fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich DOM. Peuravuori et al. (2002b) used different anion exchange resins for the separation of DOM and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy for characterization. They specified several classes of chromophores by the synchronous techniques Q,JKm 280/298,330/348,355/373,400/418,427/445,460/478,492/510, and 516/534nm). Fluorescene spectroscopy is also a sensitive method to distinguish between different sources of DOM. Examples for the different spectroscopic behavior of marine and terrestrial organic material is given by Lombardi and Jardim (1999). For several years, fluorescence spectroscopy has been used for qualitative... 

Sikorska, W. Gliszczynska-Swiglo, A. Khmelinskii, L Sikorski, M. 2005. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy of edible vegetable oils. Quantification of tocopherols. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53 6988-6994. 

Many researchers have studied the intrinsic fluorescent properties of humic substances and DOM as a means of obtaining information relating to structural characteristics and origin [39-49]. Simple excitation and emission spectroscopic measurements provide limited discrimination among various humic fractions, identifying only broad classes of humics and fulvics. Other fluorescence techniques have been appUed in attempts to improve differentiation, specifically synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy [43,47] and total luminescence... 

GC/MS = Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy HPLC/SFS = High performance liquid chromatography/ Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy RIA = Radioimmunoassay. 

Ariese F (1993) Shpol skii Spectroscopy and Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy. PhD Thesis, Free University Amsterdam. 

Luo F, Yin J, Gao F, Wang L (2009) A non-enzyme hydrogen peroxide sensor based on core/ shell silica nanoparticles using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Microchim Acta 165 23-28... 

Free amino acids are present in low concentrations in natural waters. Reynolds (2003) reported low concentrations of free tryptophan (0.82-3.44 x 10 mol L ) in lake water samples using a method employing high-performance hquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses combined with synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. In most cases, amino... 

Reynolds, D.M. (2003). Rapid and direct determination of tryptophan in water using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Res., 37, 3055-3060. 

Vodacek, A. (1989). Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy of dissolved organic matter in surface waters Application to airborne remote sensing. Remote Sens. Environ., 30, 239-247. 

Ahmad, S.R. and Reynolds, D.M. (1995). Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy of wastewater and some potential constituents. Water Res., 29,1599-1602. 

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